5种外源物浸种对小叶鼠李种子发芽的影响

Effects of Soaking Seed with Five Exogenous Substances on Seed Germination of Rhamnus parvifolia

[目的]研究外源物浸种对小叶鼠李种子发芽的影响。[方法]采用赤霉素3(GA_(3))、6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)、壳寡糖(COS)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、萘乙酸(NAA)5种外源物浸泡小叶鼠李种子,暗光浸种12 h后播种。[结果]播种11 d后开始发芽,发芽持续大约40 d。0.5~3.5 mmol/L的GA_(3)浸种,随着浓度增加,催芽效果越明显;3.5 mmol/L的GA3作用效果最佳,发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别为31.1%、12.1%、0.33粒/d,均极显著优于蒸馏水浸种的对照组(14.4%、3.3%、0.16粒/d)。0.5 mmol/L 6-BA浸种,发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别为71.1%、17.8%、0.89粒/d,均极显著优于对照组,发芽时间提前2.6 d;1.5~3.5 mmol/L的6-BA对种子发芽作用不明显。0.025%~0.150%的COS浸种对种子发芽具有促进作用,其中0.100%的COS效果最佳,发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别为84.4%、22.2%、1.28粒/d,均极显著优于对照组;0.150%的COS效果次之,发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数均极显著或显著优于对照组;且两组处理的种子发芽时间比对照组提前6~8 d。0.75~3.00 mmol/L的IAA和0.2~0.8 mmol/L的NAA浸种对种子发芽均呈现不同程度的抑制作用,浓度越高抑制作用越明显。发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、发芽时间4个指标的偏相关分析显示,前3个指标呈现相互促进关系,而3个指标与发芽时间呈现负相关,提升发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数是缩短发芽时间的关键。[结论]在小叶鼠李种子培育中,建议采用0.100%COS和0.5 mmol/L 6-BA的溶液浸种促芽。

[Objective]To study the effect of soaking seeds with exogenous substances on the germination of Rhamnus parvifolia seeds.[Meth⁃od]Rhamnus parvifolia seeds were soaked for 12 h with five kinds of exogenous substances,including gibberellin acid 3(GA_(3)),6⁃benzylamin⁃opurine(6⁃BA),chitosan oligosaccharide(COS),indoleacetic acid(IAA)and naphthylacetic acid(NAA),and then sowed.[Result]Rham⁃nus parvifolia seeds began to germinate after 11 days of sowing,and lasted about 40 days.With the rise of GA3 concentration(0.5-3.5 mmol/L),germination increased.Germination rate(GR),germination energy(GE)and germination index(GI)of the treatment with 3.5 mmol/L GA_(3)were 31.1%,12.1%and 0.33 seeds/d,which were significantly higher than those of group in distilled water(14.4%,3.3%and 0.16 seeds/d)(P<0.01).0.5 mmol/L 6⁃BA was quite good.GR,GE and GI of it were 71.1%,17.8%and 0.8 seeds/d,respectively,which presented significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.01),and germination time(GT)was earlier 2.6 days than the control group.Seeds soaked with 1.5-3.5 mmol/L 6⁃BA had little effect.Seeds soaked with 0.025%-0.150%COS could accelerate germination.The treatment with 0.100%COS was the best,of which GR,GE and GI were 84.4%,22.2%and 1.28 seeds/d,and presented significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.01).The treatment with 0.150%COS was the second,of which GR,GE and GI were higher than those of control group(P<0.01 or P<0.05).GT of the two treatments was earlier 6-8 days than the control group.Seeds soaked with 0.75-3.00 mmol/L IAA and 0.2-0.8 mmol/L NAA inhibited seed germination.The partial correlation analysis of four indicators,including GR,GE GI and GT,showed that there was a promoting relationship among the first three indexes,while they all had a negative correlation with GT.The key to shortening GT was improving GR,GE and GI.[Conclusion]0.100%COS and 0.5 mmol/L 6⁃BA were recommended for seed soaking in Rhamnus parvifolia seed⁃lings rearing.