生计资本对陇中黄土高原二阴山区农户生计活动的影响——以S229普银公路沿线村落为例

Research on the Impact of Livelihood Capital on the Livelihood Activities of Farmers in the Eryin Mountain Area of the Loess Plat⁃eau in Central Gansu Province:A Case Study of Villages Along the S229 Puyin Rural Road

以陇中黄土高原二阴山区S229普银公路沿线5个村落为研究对象,研究不同发展背景的村落生计资本对农户生计活动的影响,旨在寻求贫困乡村高质量、可持续发展的途径。结果表明,随着乡村振兴战略的推进,国家大量资本、项目、技术等输入乡村,各村物质资本与经济资本得到明显提高,但人力资本、经济资本、社会文化资本、心理资本所占权重不高。未来,位于二阴山区乡村应积极利用自身高寒、冷凉优势,积极发展特色产业,如高原夏菜、百合和地道中药材等,提升农户金融资本;加强专业技术培训,人文鼓励与政策支持等,吸引外出打工者、乡贤、能人回乡创业,增加人力资本;挖掘特色民俗文化,创新社会文化资本;在改善生活、发展经济的基础上,营造良好的乡村生活氛围,持续提高群众的幸福感,增加农户的心理资本,实现乡村产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕的美好愿望。

This study takes five villages along the S229 Puyin Highway in the Eryinshan District of the Loess Plateau in central Gansu as the research area to evaluate the impact of village livelihood capital at different development levels on farmers’livelihood activities,aiming to find ways to achieve high⁃quality and sustainable development in impoverished rural areas.The results indicate that with the promotion of rural revi⁃talization strategy and the input of a large amount of capital and technology from the country,the material and economic capital of each village has significantly increased,but the weight of human capital,economic capital,social and cultural capital,and psychological capital is not high.Therefore,the Eryinshan District should take advantage of its cold and frigid advantages,actively develop plateau summer vegetables,lilies,and authentic Chinese medicinal herbs,create a characteristic industrial development chain,and enhance the financial capital level of farmers;strengthen technical training for local farmers with labor capabilities,encourage humanities and policies to attract migrant workers,lo⁃cal elites,and capable individuals to return to their hometowns for entrepreneurship,and increase human capital;excavate distinctive folk cul⁃ture and innovate social and cultural capital;on the basis of improving daily life and developing the economy,we aim to create a favorable rural living atmosphere,continuously enhance the happiness of the masses,improve the psychological capital of farmers,and achieve the beautiful aspirations of rural industry prosperity,ecological livability,rural civilization,effective governance,and a prosperous life.