复杂地质条件下采场结构参数多目标优化与实践

Multi-objective Optimization and Practice of Stope Structural Parameters Under Complex Geological Conditions

复杂地质条件下,采场结构参数需要同时满足矿山生产的安全、技术及经济等多目标要求,但因为各目标对采场结构参数要求的差异,一般很难确定满足多目标要求的采场结构参数方案。以某金矿为背景,将粗糙集与响应曲面法结合,对浅孔留矿法的采场结构参数进行了优选和趋势性分析。利用粗糙集确定矿房长度60 m、矿房宽度4 m、顶柱宽度5 m、底柱宽度4 m及间柱宽度6 m的采场结构参数组合为最优采场参数。由响应曲面法分析可知:矿房宽度以及矿房宽度和顶柱宽度的交互因子为采场稳定性影响最大的采场结构参数;矿房长度为采场生产能力影响最大的采场结构参数;底柱宽度以及底柱宽度和间柱宽度的交互因子为采场生产成本影响最大的采场结构参数。该金矿采用以上采场结构参数后,年安全生产事故数降低了68%,采场生产能力平均提高了27%,采矿生产成本降低了19%,实现了矿山安全、高效和经济的生产,为其他类似条件下的采场结构参数的优化设计提供了新的思路。

Under complex geological conditions,the stope structure parameters need to meet the multi-objective requirements of safety,technology and economy of mine production at the same time.However,because of the differences in the requirements of each objective on the stope structure parameters,it is generally difficult to determine the stope structure parameter scheme that meets the multi-objective requirements.Taking a gold mine as the background,the rough set and response surface methodology were combined to optimize the stope structure parameters of shallow hole shrinkage method and analyze the trend.Using rough sets to determine the optimal combination of mining structure parameters for a mining room length of 60 meters,a mining room width of 4 meters,a top pillar width of 5 meters,a bottom pillar width of 4 meters,and a spacing pillar width of 6 me ters.The following results can be obtained by the response surface methodology.Firstly,the width of the mining room and the interaction factor between the width of the mining room and the width of the top pillar were the stope structure parameters that has the greatest influence on the stability of the stope.Secondly,the length of the stope is the stope structure parameter that has the greatest influence on the production capacity of the stope.Thirdly,the width of the bottom pillar and the interaction factor between the width of the bottom pillar and the width of the pillar are the structural parameters of the stope that has the greatest influence on the production cost of the stope.After adopting the above stope structure parameters,the annual safety production accidents of the gold mine are reduced by 68%,the average production capacity of the stope is increased by 27%,and the mining production cost is reduced by 19%.The safe,efficient and economical production of the mine is realized,which provides a new idea for the optimization design of the stope structure parameters under other similar conditions.