校园绿地秋季不同活动空间保健因子变化特征及综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Varied Healthcare Factors in Different Green Activity Spaces of A Campus

为了给华南地区校园师生及城市居民游憩出行场所与时间以及校园绿色空间设计提供科学依据,研究于2022年9—10月,同步观测华南农业大学内5种活动空间(林荫型、临水型、草坪型、行道树型以及广场型)的保健因子。结果表明,5种空间内的小气候日变化均呈倒“V”形,除广场型处于Ⅲ级不舒适水平外,其他4种空间均达到Ⅱ级舒适水平;空气负离子质量浓度日变化呈“双峰型”,林荫型空间空气负离子质量浓度达Ⅳ级保健浓度,其他4种空间均处于Ⅴ级允许浓度;空气颗粒物(PM_(2.5)和PM_(10))质量浓度日变化呈“U”型,林荫型空间达到环境空气质量Ⅰ级标准。不同空间综合保健功能排序为林荫型>临水型>行道树型>草坪型>广场型,此外林荫型空间保健功能在上午10:00时和下午16:00—18:00时空间综合保健指数达到峰值,因此建议校园师生此时段前往郁闭度较高的林荫型空间健身游憩。

To provide a scientific basis for using varied characteristics of healthcare factors in different green activity spaces of a campus,in South China,a field study was conducted on campus of South China Agricultur-al University in autumn(September and October).Healthcare factors of five types of activity green spaces were observed synchronously.The results showed that the diurnal variation of microclimate in the five spaces showed an inverted‘V’shape.The square type was at the level of grade III discomfort,the other four spaces all reached the level of grade II comfort.The diurnal variation of negative air ions showed a‘double peak’shape,with the concentration of negative air ions in the arboretum space reaching grade IV healthcare concentration,and the other four spaces all reached the level of grade V.The diurnal variation of air particulate matter(PM_(2.5) and PM_(10))concentrations in the five spaces showed a‘U’shaped variation and the arboretum space reached the ambient air quality level I standard.The comprehensive healthcare function of different spaces is in a descending order of arboretum type>water type>street tree type>lawn type>square type.According to the observation results,the healthcare function of the arboretum-type space reaches its peak at 10:00 AM and 4:00 PM to 6:00 PM,it is recommended that campus teachers and students go to the arboretum-type space with high shade during this period.