亲子关系对创伤后应激障碍与创伤后成长的影响:亲子沟通与自我表露的中介作用

The Effect of Parent-child Relationship on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Posttraumatic Growth:Mediating Function of Parent-child Communication and Self-disclosure

目的:考察亲子关系经由亲子沟通和自我表露对创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和创伤后成长(PTG)的影响。方法:在九寨沟地震12个月(T1)、21个月(T2)和27个月(T3)后,采用自评问卷对620名受灾地区的青少年进行三次问卷调查。结果:T1亲子关系对T3 PTSD和PTG的直接预测作用不显著,但可以通过T2开放性亲子沟通正向预测T3 PTG,通过T2开放性亲子沟通和T2自我表露的多重中介作用负向预测T3 PTSD;T1亲子关系可以通过T2问题性亲子沟通负向预测T3 PTSD、正向预测T3 PTG,也可以通过T2问题性亲子沟通和T2自我表露的多重中介作用负向预测T3 PTSD。结论:亲子沟通与自我表露在亲子关系与PTSD和PTG之间发挥重要的中介作用。

Objective:To examine the influence of parent-child relationship on posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) and posttraumatic growth(PTG),via parent-child communication and self-disclosure.Methods:The study used self-assessment questionnaires to conduct a three-wave follow-up investigation on 620 adolescents,12 months(T1),21 months(T2)and 27 months(T3)after Jiuzhaigou earthquake.Results:T1 parent-child relationship didn't directly predict T3 PTSD or T3 PTG,but positively predicted T3 PTG via T2 open communication.T1 parent-child relationship negatively predicted T3 PTSD via the multiple mediating effects of T2 open communication by the way of T2 self-disclosure.Besides,T1parent-child relationship predicted T3 PTSD as well as PTG via T2 communication problem,and negatively predicted T3 PTSD via the multiple mediating effects of T2 communication problem by the way of T2 self-disclosure.Conclusion:Parent-child communication and self-disclosure play a mediating role between parent-child relationship and PTSD as well as PTG.