糯米山药种植前后土壤理化性质及生物指标变化研究

Study on Changes in Soil Physicochemical Properties and Biological Indicators Before and After Nuomi Yam Planting

以文成县大峃镇和峃口镇种糯米山药的土壤为研究对象,分析种植前和收获后两个时期土壤的理化性质、微生物生物量碳以及酶活性的变化特征,探究糯米山药种植对土壤环境的影响.结果表明,不同区域的8块糯米山药种植田,收获期土壤中的pH值均显著降低,电导率和硝态氮含量均显著升高;过氧化氢酶含量均显著降低.种植三年糯米山药的地块速效氮磷钾养分积累量较高,存在过度施肥及施肥配比不合理的问题.讨论了糯米山药的轮作方法和施肥管理模式,提出加强轮作和分次施肥的建议.

This research focuses on the soil of Daxue Town and Xuekou Town in Wencheng County where Nuomi yam is planted,examines the changes in soil physicochemical properties,microbial biomass carbon,and enzyme activity before and after planting Nuomi yam,and investigates the impact of Nuomi yam cultivation on the soil environment.Results from research conducted in the eight different Nuomi yam planting fields in various regions show a significant decrease in soil pH value,along with a significant increase in electrical conductivity and nitrate nitrogen content during the harvest period.Additionally,there is a significant reduction in catalase content.The plot where Nuomi yam was cultivated for three years exhibits a high accumulation of available nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium nutrients,highlighting issues of excessive fertilization and unreasonable fertilization ratios.The study discusses the rotation method and fertilization management approach for Nuomi yam,and suggestions are made to strengthen rotation and stage-wise fertilization.