钠离子电池用普鲁士蓝类材料的研究进展

Research progress on prussian blue analogues for sodium-ion batteries

当今世界面临着日渐加剧的能源危机与环境问题,可持续再生能源的开发与利用刻不容缓。在众多电化学储能技术中,加速开发具有资源丰富、原料成本低、安全性能好、低温性能优良等优势的钠离子电池,被视为解决锂离子电池资源“卡脖子”问题的有效途径。普鲁士蓝类材料凭借其丰富的储钠位点、高比容量等特点成为了最具应用前景钠离子电池正极材料之一,但其合成过程中晶格空位缺陷、结晶水等问题对材料的电化学性能存在不利影响。本文主要对用作钠离子电池正极材料的普鲁士蓝类化合物展开介绍,总结分析了其结构特性、主要种类、合成路线与改性方法,综述了普鲁士蓝类材料的研究重点与进展,并针对其未来的大规模产业化实际应用提出了分析与展望。

Nowadays,the world is facing a growing energy crisis and serious environmental problems,the development and utilization of sustainable renewable energy resources are extremely urgent.Among the various electrochemical energy storage technologies,accelerating the development of sodium-ion batteries,which exhibit the advantages of abundant resources,low raw material costs,good safety performance,and excellent low-temperature performance,is considered as an effective way to solve the resource limitation of lithium-ion batteries.Prussian blue analogues have become one of the most promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries because of their abundant sodium storage sites and high specific capacity,but the lattice vacancy defects and the existence of crystal water during the synthesis process adversely affect the electrochemical performance of the materials.This article mainly introduces the Prussian blue analogues used as cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries,summarizes and analyzes their structural properties,main types,synthetic routes and modification methods,reviews the research focus and progress of Prussian blue analogues,and lastly puts forward analysis and outlook for their future large-scale industrialization and practical application.