基于恢复性环境感知的城市森林公园访客忠诚形成机制研究

The Formation Mechanism of Visitor Loyalty in Urban Forest Parks Based on Restorative Environment Perception

现有的关于城市森林公园访客忠诚度的研究,多从忠诚形成的影响因素入手,但缺少对其形成过程的分析和解释。本研究选用湖南省植物园为案例地,通过问卷调查,利用结构方程模型,探讨基于恢复性环境感知的城市森林公园场景下的访客忠诚的形成机制和路径。结果表明:在恢复性环境感知和满意度的中介作用下,自然环境感知对访客忠诚的影响通过3条路径发挥作用:一是通过兼容性感知和满意度的链式中介作用,二是通过精神远离感知和满意度的链式中介作用,三是通过身体远离感知和满意度的链式中介作用。

⑴Background——Urban forest plays a positive role in alleviating the negative emotions brought about by urbanization and industrialization,and is of great significance to the improvement of public health and well-beings.The development and design of urban forest parks should not only pay attention to the needs of visitors,but also adapt to the actual changes in the needs of visitors.However,in the study of the application of urban forest parks,the relationship between visitor loyalty and environmental restoration effect has not been widely studied,and the analysis and explanation of the formation mechanism of visitor loyalty are also lacking.⑵Methods——Based on the restorative environment theory and cognitive attitude behavior theory(i.e.Knowledge-Attitude-Practice model),this paper puts forward the research hypothesis and constructs the structural equation model of“natural environment perception→loyalty”of visitors to urban forest parks.The research data comes from a questionnaire survey of visitors to Hunan Botanical Garden from September to October 2023.Based on 404 valid questionnaires,this paper discusses the formation mechanism of visitor loyalty in urban forest parks and puts forward some feasible policy suggestions.⑶Results——First,the natural environment perception has a significant positive impact on the compatibility,mental distancing,physical distancing and infatuation of restorative environmental perception.Second,the compatibility,mental distancing and physical distancing have significant positive effects on the visitors’satisfaction.Third,the satisfaction of the visitors has a significant positive impact on their loyalty.Fourth,under the mediating role of restorative environment perception and satisfaction,the influence of natural environment perception on visitor loyalty plays a role through three paths:the one is through the chain mediating effect of compatibility perception and satisfaction,the other is through the chain mediating effect of mental distancing perception and satisfaction,and the third is through the chain mediating effect of physical distancing perception and satisfaction.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——In order to give full play to the restoration effect of urban forest parks environment and meet people’s demand for a better life,the following policy suggestions are put forward:First,Attach importance to the overall construction of restorative environment in the parks and products development.In the management and development of urban forest parks,special attention should be paid to the cultivation of compatibility,mental distancing and physical distancing perception.Second,in the management process of urban forest parks,adhere to the construction principles of nature-orientation,distinctive characteristics and harmonious coexistence.Fully respect the laws of nature and put protection first.The materials,colors,styles and sizes of the infrastructure and buildings should be appropriate to the natural environment.At the same time,pay attention to communication and interaction with the public and actively listen to public opinions and suggestions.Third,improve the quality of recreational facilities in urban forest parks.Pay attention to the layout and design of the recreation facilities in the parks,constantly update the recreation facilities in the parks,strengthen the construction of the roads,bridges,seats,lighting and other infrastructure in the parks,and increase the cultural,educational and entertainment facilities in the parks to enhance the public’s sightseeing experience.