不同鞋面硬度对击球时足部应力和球运动的影响

Effects of Different Shoe Stiffness on Foot Stress and Ball Motion During Kicking

目的利用有限元方法进行击球过程模拟,探究鞋面硬度对足部受力和球运动的影响。方法建立骨骼、软组织、足球鞋和球的实体模型,借助红外高速运动捕捉系统测试足背内侧击球时的运动学参数,将足速度和足、球之间的位姿关系加载到有限元模型中,从而完成击球模拟。结果不同的鞋面硬度对球的旋转速度产生影响,而对球的平动速度几乎无影响。鞋面硬度增加导致足背压力逐渐上升并趋于稳定,最大压力差异为200 N。第1、第5跖骨应力分别升高了40.07%、16.2%,第3、第4跖骨应力分别下降了22.96%、4.64%。结论不同的鞋面硬度对球运动状态具有显著影响。相较于硬度较高的鞋面材料,硬度较低的鞋面材料能够有效减少足背压力,也有助于减少对骨骼应力的影响,从而降低长期穿着可能导致的损伤风险。

Objective To simulate the kicking process using the finite element method and investigate the effects of shoe upper stiffness on foot force and ball motion.Methods Solid models of bones,soft tissues,football shoes,and balls were established,and the kinematic parameters of the dorsal medial foot during ball striking were tested using an infrared high-speed motion capture system.The foot velocity and positional relationship between the foot and ball were loaded into the finite element model to complete the striking simulation.Results Different shoe upper stiffness affected the rotational speed of the ball,but had no significant effect on its translational speed.As the shoe upper stiffness increased,the pressure on the foot instep gradually increased and stabilized,with a maximum pressure difference of 200 N.The 1st and 5th metatarsal stress increased by 40.07%and 16.2%,respectively,and the 3rd and 4th metatarsal stress decreased by 22.96%and 4.64%,respectively.Conclusions Different shoe upper stiffness had a significant impact on the motion state of the ball.Compared to shoe materials with higher upper stiffness,shoe materials with lower upper stiffness effectively reduced pressure on the foot instep and helped to reduce the impact on bone stress,thus reducing the injury risks that may result from long-term wear.