基于生态系统服务供需变化的赤水河流域生态修复分区与策略

Ecological zoning from the perspective of coupling ecosystem service supply and demand in theChishui River Basin.Geological Bulletin of China

生态系统服务是连接自然生态系统和社会经济系统的关键桥梁,对经济社会发展和保障人类福祉具有重要意义。从生态系统服务供给与需求的关系出发,开展生态修复分区研究,是新时期因地制宜制定针对性生态保护修复策略和协调区域间发展的重要前提。以赤水河流域为研究区,以409个街道(镇)为评价单元,分析2010—2020年生态系统服务供需变化及二者耦合协调程度。其中,高阶耦合(n=61)、高阶失调(n=140)、低阶失调(n=63)和低阶耦合(n=145)的供给变化量(z-score标准化)分别为1.7±2.1、−0.9±2.2、5.9±6.4和−0.1±0.5,需求变化量(z-score标准化)分别为0.6±1.1、2.1±2.4、0.7±2.4和−0.5±0.4。结合各区供需变化量本文提出了生态保育型、重点修复型、生态连通型、价值转化型等赤水河流域差异化生态保护修复分区策略,为区域生态保护修复提供了科学依据。

Ecological zoning from the perspective of coupling the supply and demand of the ecosystem services is instrumental inpromoting the sustainable development of social−ecological system.In this study,the ecosystem services supply(ESS)and ecosystemservices demand(ESD)the between 2010 and 2020 in Chishui River Basin were investigated.The coupling degrees were calculatedbased on the changes in ESS and ESD between 2010 and 2020.According to the results of coupling degree,the 409 study units(streets/towns)were divided into four categories.The averaged ESS changes for the high order of coupling degrees zonation,high orderof uncoupling degree zonation,low order of uncoupling degree zonation and low order of uncoupling degree zonation are 1.7±2.1,−0.9±2.2,5.9±6.4 and−0.1±0.5,respectively.The averaged ESD changes are 0.6±1.1,2.1±2.4,0.7±2.4 and−0.5±0.4,respectively.The 61 streets/towns with high order of coupling degrees represented for conversation−oriented zone in which shouldfocus on conservation on the key and typical landscapes,improve the existing ecosystem network and highlight the regionalsocial−ecological complex functions.The 140 streets/towns with high order of uncoupling degree represented for key restoration zone,in which focused on incorporating key areas for ecological restoration into regional development planning.The 63 streets/towns with low order of uncoupling degree represented for network−oriented zone,focusing at establishing ecological corridors and networks toimprove the connectivity,so as to maintain important the continuous supply of ecosystem services in the region.The 145 streets/townswith low order of uncoupling degree represented for ecological livelihood−oriented zone focusing at alternative livelihood throughecological branding and products value gaining.The finding of the ecological zoning scheme of the Chishui River Basin reflects thedifferences in the spatial allocation of regional environmental resources and can provide technical guidance on spatial planning forecological conservation and restoration.