抑郁障碍患者肠道菌群相对丰度与认知功能的相关性

Correlation of the relative abundance of intestinal flora with cognitive function in major depressive disorder

目的:探讨抑郁障碍患者肠道菌群相对丰度和认知功能的特点及两者的相关性。方法:选取2021年12月至2022年6月间来自宁波市第一医院心身医学科的78例抑郁障碍患者为病例组,60名健康志愿者为对照组,使用Thinc-it工具[包括数字符号替代测试(digit symbol substitution test,DSST)、选择反应时间任务(choice reaction time task,CRT)、连线测验(trail making test,TMT)-B、1-back记忆任务(1-back Memory task,1-BACK)和抑郁症认知损害5项问卷(perceived deficits questionnaire-5,PDQ-5-D)]评估认知功能,应用16SrDNA测序技术获得组间肠道菌群的相对丰度特征。采用Pearson相关性分析抑郁障碍患者肠道菌群相对丰度与认知功能的相关性。结果:与对照组相比,病例组PDQ-5-D评分、TMT-B耗时数明显升高,CRT、1-BACK、DSST计数均显著下降(P均<0.01);病例组变形菌门、肠杆菌科、埃希氏-志贺氏菌属的相对丰度较对照组升高,拟杆菌门、放线菌门、双歧杆菌科、双歧杆菌属的相对丰度均较对照组降低(P均<0.05)。变形菌门的相对丰度与PDQ-5-D评分、TMT-B耗时数均呈负相关(P均<0.05);肠杆菌科的相对丰度与PDQ-5-D评分、TMT-B耗时数呈负相关,与DSST计数呈正相关(P均<0.05);埃希氏-志贺氏菌属的相对丰度与TMT-B耗时数呈负相关,与DSST计数呈正相关(P均<0.05)。结论:抑郁障碍患者存在认知功能损害及肠道菌群相对丰度的变化,两者具有相关性。

Objective:To observe the characteristics of the relative abundance of intestinal flora and cognitive function in major depressive disorder(MDD)and the correlation of the relative abundance of intestinal flora with cognitive function.Method:78 patients with major depressive disorder from Department of Psychosomatic Medicine,Ningbo First Hospital,between December 2021 and June 2022 were divided into a case group and 60 healthy volunteers were divided into a control group.Thinc-it tools including digit symbol substitution test(DSST),choice reaction time task(CRT),trail making test(TMT)-B,1-back Memory task(1-BACK)and perceived deficits questionnaire-5(PDQ-5-D)was used to evaluate the cognitive function of the two groups.16SrDNA gene sequencing was carried out to identify the intestinal flora between groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to research the relationship between the relative abundance of intestinal flora and cognitive function in MDD.Results:Compared with the control group,the PDQ-5-D score and TMT-B time in the case group were significantly increased,while the CRT,1-BACK and DSST counts were significantly decreased(all P<0.01).The relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia-Shigella was higher and the relative abundance of Bacteroidota,Actinobacteriota,Bifidobacteriaceae and Bifidobacterium was lower in the case group compared to the control group(all P<0.05).The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was negatively related to the PDQ-5-D score and TMT-B time(all P<0.05);The relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae was negatively related to the PDQ-5-D score and TMT-B time and positively related to DSST counts(all P<0.05);The relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella was negatively related to TMT-B time and positively related to DSST counts(all P<0.05).Conclusion:MDD patients have cognitive impairment and changes in the relative abundance of intestinal flora,and these changes are correlated with the cognitive function.