基于电力模拟信号的井式电炉启动控制方法研究

Research on Starting Control Method of Well Electric Furnace Based on Electric Power Simulation Signal

井式电炉启动过程需要快速将温度升至设定值,以满足生产需求。然而,由于受电炉电流和转速等因素的限制,会导致超调量较大的问题出现。为了降低井式电炉启动控制超调量,提出一种基于电力模拟信号的井式电炉启动控制方法。电力调整器利用信号采集器采集井式电炉转速与电流的电力模拟信号,并通过A/D转换单元将其变为数字信号;微处理器利用增量式比例、积分、微分控制技术,结合数字信号,输出井式电炉启动控制信号;晶闸管驱动单元接收井式电炉启动控制信号后,驱动交流晶闸管,调整晶闸管导通角,启动井式电炉;利用电流检测单元,实时检测井式电炉启动电流,当启动电流过大时,利用过载/短路保护单元,关断晶闸管,防止晶闸管过热损坏;当启动电流正常时,利用其恢复电力调整器的井式电炉启动控制功能。实验证明:该方法可有效实现井式电炉启动控制,且井式电炉启动过程平稳;当突加负载时,该方法的井式电炉启动控制超调量较小,具备较优的井式电炉启动控制性能。

The start-up process of a well type electric furnace requires a rapid increase in temperature to the set value to meet production needs.However,due to limitations such as furnace current and speed,the problem of large overshoot can occur.In order to reduce the overshoot of the start-up control of a well type electric furnace,a start-up control method based on electric power simulation signals is proposed.The power regulator uses a signal collector to collect analog signals of shaft furnace speed and current,and converts them into digital signals through an A/D conversion unit;The microprocessor utilizes incremental proportional,integral,and derivative(PID)control technology,combined with digital signals,to output the start-up control signal of the well type electric furnace;After receiving the start control signal of the well type electric furnace,the thyristor driving unit drives the AC thyristor,adjusts the conduction angle of the thyristor,and starts the well type electric furnace;Utilize a current detection unit to detect the starting current of the well type electric furnace in real-time.When the starting current is too high,use an overload/short circuit protection unit to turn off the thyristor and prevent it from overheating and damage;When the starting current is normal,use it to restore the well type electric furnace starting control function of the power regulator.The experiment proves that this method can effectively achieve the start-up control of the well type electric furnace,and the start-up process of the well type electric furnace is stable;When a sudden load is applied,the overshoot of the starting control of the well type electric furnace in this method is small,and it has better starting control performance of the well type electric furnace.