中国超引力城市的概念、形成条件与效率评价

The Concept,Formation Conditions and Efficiency Evaluation of Supergravity Cities in China

在一批收缩城市诞生的同时,一些城市正通过吸收大量的人口、资金等资源而不断膨胀并快速发展。以人口与经济增长两个维度定义超引力城市,东部的超引力城市以双子星为主,中东部只有省会城市具备超引力城市的特征。究其形成的原因发现,在中国从计划经济向市场经济转型的过程中,有一批超引力城市是基于地理位置优越、历史上曾经繁荣、行政等级高等因素所形成的循环累积效应而诞生的。超引力城市是最具有效率的城市,是市场经济发展的结果,对其不应采取抑制的态度,而应施以鼓励性的政策,包括进一步发挥市场机制配置资源的作用、完善超引力城市与其他城市的协作网络、将超引力城市打造为新质生产力的引领者。

As a group of shrinking cities emerges,some cities are continuously expanding and rapidly developing by absorbing a large amount of population,capital,and other resources.The definition of Supergravity cities in terms of population and economic growth shows that the Supergravity cities in the east are dominated by twin stars,and only the provincial capitals in the central and eastern regions have the characteristics of Supergravity cities.In exploring the reasons for their formation,it was found that during China’s transition from a planned economy to a market economy,a group of Supergravity cities emerged as a result of the circular cumulative effect based on factors such as advantageous geographical location,historical prosperity,and high administrative level.Supergravity cities are themost efficient cities and are the result of the development of the market economy.Instead of adopting asuppressive attitude,an encouraging policy should be implemented,which includes further leveraging the role of market mechanisms in allocating resources,improving the collaborative network between Supergravity cities and other cities,and shaping Supergravity cities as leaders in new quality productiv eforces.