抗战时期陕甘宁边区的纺织生产合作社

Textile Production Cooperatives in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region during the Anti-Japanese War

抗日战争进入相持阶段后,边区布匹的供给与需求日益失衡,边区军民衣物严重短缺。为此,中国共产党在陕甘宁边区开展纺织生产合作社实践,解决了战时的军民布匹短缺的困难,同时这一实践也大大提高了边区群众支援革命的热情。其间,边区群众的布匹需求与生产水平的差距,推动中国共产党根据实际情况对纺织生产合作社进行调适,逐步的解决边区群众穿衣难题,实现了布匹自给。陕甘宁边区纺织生产合作社的发展,不仅帮助解决边区军民穿衣需求、提高农民收入,而且使边区家庭妇女在纺织劳动中找到兼顾家庭内外的平衡点,进一步提高了妇女的经济地位,亦同时促进了妇女解放事业的发展。

After the Anti-Japanese War entered into a stalemate,the increasing imbalance between the supply and demand for cloth in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region led to severe clothing shortages for both soldiers and civilians.In response,the Communist Party of China established textile production cooperatives,eased the textile shortage for civil and military use and,at the same time,greatly lifted up the enthusiasm of people in the border region to support the revolution.The disparity between cloth demand and production capability necessitated adaptations by the Communist Party of China,which gradually mitigated the region’s clothing challenges and achieved cloth production self-sufficiency.The evolution of these cooperatives in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region not only met the clothing needs of the region’s military and civilians and increased farmers’incomes but also enabled women to strike a balance between domestic and external responsibilities through textile labor.This,in turn,elevated women’s economic status and furthered the advancement of women’s liberation.