全过程人民民主视阈下数智协商民主的基层实践与完善路径——基于全国四个典型创新案例的观察分析

Grassroots Practice and Improvement Paths at the Grassroots Level of Deliberative Democracy Based on the Whole Process of People’s Democracy-Based on the Observation and Analysis of Four Typical Innovation Cases in China

健全协商民主机制、健全全过程人民民主制度体系是实现中国式现代化的必然要求。数智协商民主是传统协商民主的升级和跃进,也是完善和发展全过程人民民主的新形式和新路径。在全过程人民民主理论视阈下,构建“主体-客体-过程”三维理论框架,对浙江诸暨、湖北鄂州、湖南衡阳和四川邛崃四地的创新经验进行剖析发现,它们在多元主体的议事质量提升、参与空间拓展和议事渠道畅通等方面收效较多,但也存在着思想认知误区、城乡数字鸿沟和网络民粹主义等风险和问题,需要加以规制和解决。数智协商民主的基层创新实践不仅是对全过程人民民主理论的多维阐释和生动演绎,也提示我们协商民主无法完全脱离实体空间而在纯粹的数字场域完成人的全部社会实践活动,因此当前及未来一个时期需要推动数智协商民主与传统协商民主的优势互补和复合式发展,由此才能在中国式现代化进程中更加稳健地全面发展协商民主,从而深入践行全过程人民民主。

Improving the consultative democracy mechanism and the whole-process of people’s democratic system is an essential requirement for realizing Chinese-style modernization.Digital intelligence consultative democracy is an upgrade and leap of traditional consultative democracy,and a new form and path to practice the whole process of people’s democracy.From the perspective of the whole process of people’s democracy theory,a three-dimensional theoretical framework of“subject-object-process”is constructed to analyze the innovative experiences of Zhuji in Zhejiang Province,Ezhou in Hubei Province,Hengyang in Hunan Province and Qionglai in Sichuan Province.It is found that they have good results in improving the quality of multi-subject discussion,expanding participation space and smooth discussion channels.However,it also faces risks and problems such as misunderstanding of thought and cognition,urban-rural digital divide and network populism,which need to be regulated and solved.The innovative practice of digital intelligence deliberative democracy at the grassroots level is not only a multidimensional interpretation and vivid interpretation of the theory of people’s democracy in the whole process,but also indicates that deliberative democracy cannot completely break away from the physical space and complete all social practice activities in the pure digital field.Therefore,it is necessary to promote the complementary advantages and complex development of digital intelligence deliberative democracy and traditional deliberative democracy at present and in the future.Only in this way can we develop consultative democracy more stably and comprehensively in the process of Chinese-style modernization and deeply practice the whole process of people’s democracy.