海洋油气开发工程用海生态环境调查站位数量优化研究

Optimization of the number of marine ecological environment survey stations for offshore oil and gas development projects

中国石油对外依存度较高,海洋油气开发是重要的石化能源接替区。根据相关法律和规定,海上油气资源开发所依托的平台和管道等用海,须开展用海论证和相应的海洋生态环境现状质量调查。然而,实际海洋生态环境现状质量调查往往设置超过相关技术规范要求的工作量。本研究基于渤海中规模较大的渤中油田8期近5年来海水水质、沉积物质量和海洋生态调查数据,采用空间均匀筛选调查站位法,筛选后的调查站位数量满足最低站位数量要求,并对比分析筛选前后调查数据各典型指标的统计特征分布特征变化。结果表明,渤中油田海域的海洋生态环境现状质量调查站位均匀覆盖调查区时,海域使用论证技术导则要求的最低数量调查站位,即可较全面地反映该区域海洋生态环境特征,故同样适用于渤海其他海洋油气开发工程以及东海和南海的海洋油气开发工程。

China’s heavy dependence on foreign oil highlights the significance of offshore oil and gas development as a major strategy for energy substitution in petrochemical sectors.According to Chinese laws and regulations,activities related to offshore oil and gas development must carry out sea use demonstrations and corresponding ma-rine ecological environment surveys.However,practical marine ecological surveys often establish stations in excess of the minimum guideline requirements.This study applies a spatially uniform screening survey station method using data from seawater quality,sediment quality,and marine ecology surveys conducted over the past 5 years in the Bozhong offshore oilfield,located in the Bohai Sea.Following screening,the number of stations met the mini-mum requirements.Statistical and distribution characteristics of each typical survey index data were compared and analyzed before and after screening.The findings indicate that comprehensive coverage of marine ecological envi-ronment survey stations across the Bozhong Oilfield adequately reflects environmental characteristics when meet-ing minimum guidelines.This approach can be applicable to other offshore oil and gas development projects in the Bohai Sea,East China Sea,and South China Sea.Therefore,this study provides valuable guidance for planning and conducting marine ecological environment assessments in the application and approval processes of offshore oil and gas development projects.