气候变化对中国近海中上层小型鱼类影响的研究进展

Effects of climate change on pelagic small fish in the coastal waters of China

近年来气候变化持续影响海洋环境,同时也影响着海洋鱼类的群落变化和生态系统的稳定。中上层小型鱼类对气候变化较为敏感,其在我国海洋渔业中逐渐占据重要地位。近年来,虽有大量的研究探究了气候变化对鱼类的影响,但是气候变化对中上层小型鱼类全面系统的研究相对较少。鉴于上述原因,本文根据国内外的相关研究成果,综述了由气候变化引起的海水表面温度、盐度、酸碱度、溶解氧含量、叶绿素a浓度、海平面上升以及海流和极端事件频发等海洋环境因子变化对海洋中上层小型鱼类的影响,这种影响主要体现在个体发育、栖息地、洄游模式、群落结构及其资源丰度等方面。气候变化下中上层小型鱼类的分布区通常向高纬度或深海区转移,从而导致群落结构改变,对渔业资源造成影响。本文通过探讨气候变化对海洋渔业的影响,旨在从中探寻应对气候变化的有效对策,从而为海洋渔业在气候变化的背景下实现可持续发展提供理论依据。

Climate change continues to affect marine environments and has also altered marine fish communities and ecosystem stability.Pelagic small fishes,which are commercially important for Chinese marine fisheries,are sensitive to climate change.Although many recent studies have examined the impact of climate change on fish,there are relatively few comprehensive and systematic studies on the effect of climate change on pelagic small fishes.The current study summarizes the impacts of climate change on marine environmental factors,such as in-creases in seawater surface temperature,salinity,pH,dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a concentration,sea level,as well as frequency of extreme events,in terms of the effect on pelagic small fishes.Development,habitat,migra-tion pattern,community structure,and resource abundance of pelagic small pelagic fishes are all impacted by these environmental factors and climate change.Pelagic small fish migrate to high-latitude oceans;shifts in distribution areas result in community structure changes,impacting fishery resources.This study investigates the effects of cli-mate change on marine fisheries to determine mitigation strategies.Such strategies help to establish a theoretical framework for the sustainable development of marine fisheries in the context of climate change.