农业生产托管与金融支农惠农强农机制创新

Agricultural Production Trusteeship and Mechanism Innovation of Supporting Agriculture,Benefiting Agriculture and Strengthening Agriculture

锚定建设农业强国战略目标,聚焦小农户衔接现代农业的金融需求,创新金融支农惠农强农机制,是中国特色金融发展道路的重要内容。严格意义和规范发展的农业生产托管通过内生的服务规模经营机制,克服了小农户分散化经营、随意性生产、零碎化作业的农业生产方式弊端,为现代金融服务嵌入小农户衔接现代农业过程创造了基本条件。其机理是综合发挥降险增效、信息集成、过程监督作用,形成现代金融服务导入的中介载体、平台支撑和渠道机制,精准匹配契约结构转换激发的农业生产经营全过程金融服务需求,解决了抵押缺失、担保不灵、信用不足对小农户获取金融服务的限制,也实现了信贷资金在农业生产环节的封闭运行。实践中,农业生产托管已经催生了“托管险”“托管贷”及组合式金融服务机制创新,推动了赋能小农户的农业产业链金融发展,为构建金融驱动农业强国机制提供了可行路径。深化农业金融服务体制改革,要继续聚焦小农户农业生产经营环节,围绕推广和优化“托管险”“托管贷”及组合式创新形式,探索现代农业产业链金融发展机制,开创现代金融服务业与现代农业深度融合的新格局。

Anchoring the strategic goal of building a strong agricultural country and innovating agricultural finance to serve small farmers is an important part of exploring the development path of Chinese characteristic finance.The standardized development of agricultural production trusteeship has overcome the drawbacks of small-scale agricultural production methods,created conditions for modern financial services to small farmers through an endogenous service scale operation mechanism.The mechanism is to play the role of risk reduction and eficiency improvement,information integration,and process supervision,forming a modern financial service platform and channel,matching the financial service demand stimulated by the transformation of contract structure,overcoming the limitations of mortgage deficiency,ineffective guarantee,and insufficient credit on small farmers'access to financial services,and also achieving the closed operation of credit funds in agricultural production and operation.In practice,the standardized development of agricultural production trusteeship has given rise to"trusteeship insurance","trusteeship loans"and their combined financial innovations,promoting the development of modern agricultural industry chain finance that empowers small farmers.This provides a feasible path for building a financial driven mechanism for building a strong agricultural country.To deepen the reform of agricultural finance,we should focus on the agricultural production and operation of small farmers,promote and optimize the combination of"custody insurance","custody loans"and their innovative forms,explore the development mechanism of modern agricultural industry chain finance,and create a new pattern of deep integration between modern financial service industry and modern agriculture.