基于光栅立体成像观察高尔夫专项训练对儿童脊柱三维结构影响的纵向分析

Longitudinal analysis of the effects of golf training on the three-dimensional structure of children's spine using grating-based stereoscopic imaging

目的:针对少年儿童高尔夫长期专项训练对脊柱三维结构可能造成的影响进行系统研究,揭示儿童脊柱生物力学适应机制,为预防高尔夫训练可能引发的潜在运动损伤提供理论基础。方法:采用纵向观察设计,选取高尔夫训练中心的15名男性儿童作为研究对象。在基线(入组时)、3个月和6个月3个时间点,使用光栅成像技术采集参与者的脊柱三维图像数据,并进行动态监测和分析。结果:高尔夫训练对儿童脊柱三维结构产生一系列适应性变化,主要体现在骨盆倾斜距离、椎体平均偏移、椎体旋转角度、骨盆旋转角度和骨盆扭转角度等指标的显著变化。这些变化具有时间效应特点,表明儿童脊柱生物力学系统具有较强的适应性。结论:高尔夫训练会引起儿童脊柱三维结构的适应性变化,需要重视脊柱及骨盆生物力学平衡的维护,采取对称性训练等干预措施,以预防运动损伤、提高训练质量、延长运动生涯。

Objective To conduct a systematic study on the potential impact of long-term specialized golf training on the three-dimensional structure of the spine in adolescent children,and to reveal the biomechanical adaptation mechanism of children's spine,providing a theoretical basis for preventing potential sports injuries caused by golf training.Methods A longitudinal observational design was adopted,with 15 male adolescent children from a golf training center selected as research subjects.Three-dimensional spinal image data were collected using digital radiography at baseline,3 months and 6 months,and dynamic monitoring and analysis were performed.Results Golf training led to a series of adaptive changes in the three-dimensional structure of children's spine,mainly reflected in significant changes in pelvic tilt distance,vertebral body offset,vertebral rotation angle,pelvic rotation angle,and pelvic torsion angle.These changes exhibited a time-effect characteristic,indicating the strong adaptability of biomechanical system of children's spine.Conclusion Golf training can cause adaptive changes in the three-dimensional structure of children's spine,highlighting the need to maintain biomechanical balances of the spine and pelvis,and to take intervention measures such as symmetrical training to prevent sports injuries,improve training quality,and prolong athletic careers.