巢湖十八联圩湿地浮游动物群落动态及水质评价

Zooplankton Community Dynamics and Water Quality Assessment in Chaohu Shibalianwei Wetland

为了解巢湖重要入湖湿地十八联圩湿地生态修复后的水质和生物多样性恢复现状,于2023年冬季枯水期和夏季丰水期,在修复后湿地中选取11个样点开展浮游动物调查。结果表明:枯水期和丰水期分别检测出浮游动物82种和128种,平均密度分别为(6769.17±3814.42)个/L、(5417.35±5401.94)个/L,平均生物量分别为(1.28±0.65)mg/L、(3.44±2.57)mg/L。枯水期和丰水期Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均值分别为2.47和2.55,Margalef丰富度指数均值分别为3.04和4.20,Pielou均匀度指数均值分别为0.52和0.72。十八联圩湿地修复后水质有了较大的提升,水质呈无污或寡污状态。湿地单元能有效地提升浮游动物多样性和稳定性,在丰水期具有良好地水质净化效果。枯水期浮游动物群落结构主要受电导率(EC)、水温、溶解氧(DO)等因素的影响,丰水期营养污染物对群落结构的影响更大。冗余分析结果表明,氮元素是浮游动物生物量的关键影响因子,未来应当重点关注。

In order to understand the biodiversity and water quality in Chaohu Shibalianwei wetland after ecological restoration,samples of zooplankton in 11 sampling sites were investigated during the dry season and the wet season in Shibalianwei.Results indicated that during the dry season,82 species of zooplankton were detected,the average density was 6769.17 ind./L,the average biomass was 1.28 mg/L.and the average Shannon-Wiener index,Margalef index,and Pielou index were 2.47,3.04,and 0.52,respectively.During the wet season,128 species of zooplankton were detected,the average density was 5417.35 ind./L,the average biomass was 3.44 mg/L,and the average Shannon-Wiener index,Margalef index,and Pielou index were 2.55,4.20 and 0.72,respectively.The water quality of the restored wetland was greatly improved and identified as low pollution level.The wetland unit wetland can effectively improve zooplankton diversity and community stability,and has better effect on water purification in the wet season.In the dry season,zooplankton community structure was mainly affected by conductivity,water temperature and dissolved oxygen,while nutrient pollutants had a greater impact on community structure in the wet season.Finally,the results of redundancy analysis indicated that nitrogen was a key influence factor on zooplankton biomass,which should be focused on in the future.