骨科功能成像的研究进展和应用

Research advances and clinical application in functional imaging in orthopedic

对于骨科医师来说,希望在功能位,也就是站立负重位,进行X线片、CT和磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI),以便更好地理解人体骨与关节在功能位的表现。由于机械制造技术的限制,目前多数骨科影像检查,包括X线片,CT和MRI都是在卧位完成的。近年来随着机械制造技术的进步和骨科对功能位成像的临床需求增加,功能位X线照相,CT和MRI设备逐步增加,并开始在临床上使用,本期骨科影像专题聚集功能成像,尤其是国产设备的应用初步经验总结和介绍。

With the advance in manufacturing technology and the increasing demand of functional imaging in orthopedic,the new imaging equipment including weight bearing full length X-ray,cone-beam CT,upright CT and upright MRI are emerging and applied in orthopedic.Weight bearing X-ray is mainly used to evaluate the scoliosis of the spine,and the force line of spine and low limbs.Functional CBCT can show the tomographic images of the bone and joints like the conventional CT in standing position for better presentation of joint alignment and displacement.However,CBCT has poor tissue contrast,so it cannot used in soft tissue lesions.Upright CT tilts the conventional CT gantry in upright position and scans patient in standing position,it requires rigorously the height and the load-bearing of the room,the images are exactly the same as conventional CT,including tomographic and 3D.The upright MRI does not work out well,due to the diffculty in machinery.Those new technologies better demonstrated the true condition of orthopedic diseases in functional upright position,providing better understanding,diagnosing and treating the orthopedic diseases.