比较视野下的西番莲纹露陈座研究

Study on Open-air Display Pedestal Decorated with Passionflower Pattern under Comparative View

西番莲纹露陈座是我国皇家御苑露天陈设的一种石质器物座,是园林营造的工具和手段,其纹饰与造型随承载器物及摆放的环境而变化,以传递更为深刻的情感和美好的愿望。在“万园之园”圆明园中,西番莲纹露陈座伴随着长春园海晏堂的兴起与衰落,成为中国皇家园林遗存的珍贵文物。随着中国园林史的文化传承以及园林文物保护工作的开展,越来越多的西番莲纹建筑构件被发现。通过走访调研与大数据对比,目前共发现19件西番莲纹建筑构件。其中,河北保定古莲花池以及保定动物园所藏四面雕刻西番莲纹样的露陈座尤其重要,可能与曹锟搬运圆明园石构件建造私人园林有关。

The open-air display pedestal decorated with passionflower is a kind of stone display in the openair of the royal palace in China,and it is a tool and means of garden construction.Its decoration and shape change with the environment of the bearing objects and the placement,so as to convey a more profound emotion and good wishes.In the"Garden of Gardens"the Old Summer Palace,passionflower decoration open-air furnishings with the rise and decline Hall of National Peace in Changchun Garden,has become the precious cultural relics of Chinese royal gardens.With the cultural inheritance of Chinese garden history and the progress of garden cultural relics protection,more and more garden stone buildings still exist in the world and become today's open-air furnishings.It is found that the Qing Dynasty white jade passionflower open-air furnishings in The Museum of Chinese Gardens and Landscape Architecture are carved on four sides,which is highly suspected to be stone components in the"Old Summer Palace scattered cultural relics".Through investigation and comparison with big data,a total of 19 passionflower pattern building components have been found.Among them,the four sides with carved passionflower patterns in Ancient Lotus Garden of Baoding and Baoding Zoo are particularly important,which may be related to Cao Kun's handling of the stone components of the Old Summer Palace to build a private garden.