血清POSTN、IL-22、IL-36γ在老年哮喘患者中的表达及与气道重构程度的相关性

Expression of serum POSTN,IL-22,IL-36γand their correlation with the degree of airway remodeling in elderly patients with asthma

目的:分析血清骨膜蛋白(Periostin,POSTN)、白介素-22(Interleukin 22,IL-22)、白介素-36γ(Interleukin 36γ,IL-36γ)在老年哮喘患者中的表达及与气道重构程度的相关性。方法:本研究回顾性选取2021年12月~2023年1月在本院就诊的101例老年哮喘患者作为研究对象。根据患者哮喘严重程度分为轻中度组(n=56)、重度组(n=45)。比较两组治疗前、治疗7 d后血清POSTN、IL-22、IL-36γ、第1 s用力呼气量(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))及动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))水平及气道壁厚度百分比(WT%)、总截面积百分比(WA%),采用Pearson分析相关性。结果:重度组治疗前、治疗7 d后血清POSTN、FEV1、FVC、PaO_(2)水平低于轻中度组,IL-22、IL-36γ、PaCO_(2)、WA%、WT%水平高于轻中度组(P<0.05)。治疗前、治疗7 d后血清POSTN水平与FEV1、FVC、PaO_(2)呈正相关,与PaCO_(2)、WA%、WT%呈负相关(P<0.05)。IL-22、IL-36γ水平与FEV1、FVC、PaO_(2)呈负相关,与WA%、WT%、PaCO_(2)呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:血清POSTN、IL-22、IL-36γ与哮喘严重程度、肺功能状况、血气水平密切相关,可作为临床诊断气道重构程度的重要辅助指标。

Objective:To analyze the expression of serum periostin(POSTN),interleuin 22(IL-22)and interleuin 36γ(IL-36γ)in elderly patients with asthma and their correlation with airway remodeling degree.Methods:This study retrospectively selected 101 elderly patients with asthma who were treated in our hospital from December 2021 to January 2023 as the study object.The patients were divided into mild to moderate group(n=56)and severe group(n=45)according to the severity of asthma.Serum POSTN,IL-22,IL-36γ,1s forced expiratory volume(FEV1),forced vital capacity(FVC),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2))and arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO_(2)),percentage of airway wall thickness(WT%)and percentage of total cross-sectional area(WA%)were compared between the two groups before treatment and 7 days after treatment.Correlations were analyzed by Pearson.Results:The serum levels of POSTN,FEV1,FVC and PaO_(2) in severe group were lower than those in mild-moderate group before treatment and 7 days after treatment,and the levels of IL-22,IL-36γ,PaCO_(2),WA%and WT%were higher than those in mild-moderate group(P<0.05).Serum POSTN level was positively correlated with FEV1,FVC and PaO_(2),and negatively correlated with PaCO_(2),WA%and WT%before and after 7 days of treatment(P<0.05).IL-22 and IL-36γlevels were negatively correlated with FEV1,FVC and PaO_(2),and positively correlated with WA%,WT%and PaCO_(2)(P<0.05).Conclusion:Serum POSTN,IL-22 and IL-36γare closely related to the severity of asthma,lung function and blood gas level,and can be used as an important auxiliary index for clinical diagnosis of airway remodeling degree.