利培酮对家族史阳性精神分裂症患者认知功能及代谢状态的影响

Effects of risperidone on cognitive function and metabolic status in schizophrenia patients with positive family history

目的:观察利培酮对家族史阳性精神分裂症患者认知功能及代谢状态的影响。方法:选取2019年1月至2023年12月精神分裂症患者72例,其两系三代中至少有一个存在精神分裂症的亲属,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组(n=36)。对照组采用奥氮平(起始剂量为10 mg·d^(-1),1次·d^(-1),2 w后根据患者情况调整为10~20 mg·d^(-1))治疗,观察组加用利培酮(起始剂量1 mg·d^(-1),1次·d^(-1),2 w后根据患者情况调整为2~6 mg·d^(-1))治疗,治疗3 m。治疗前、治疗3 m后分别以阳性与阴性症状量表(Positive and Negative Syndrome,PANSS)评定精神分裂症状程度,以精神分裂症认知功能评测量表(Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale,SCoRS)评估认知功能;采用全自动生化分析仪检测糖脂代谢指标变化;并记录两组不良反应。结果:治疗3 m后,两组精神分裂症状、认知功能均有改善,且观察组更好(P<0.05);然而糖脂代谢指标及不良反应差异无组间差异(P>0.05)。结论:利培酮可以改善家族史阳性精神分裂症患者的精神分裂症状、认知功能和代谢状态,且安全性较好。

Objective:To observe the effects of risperidone on cognitive function and metabolic status in schizophrenia patients with positive family history.Methods:A total of 72 schizophrenia patients(at least one relative of the two lineages and three generations had schizophrenia)were selected and assigned to the control group and the observation group(n=36)using the random number table method.The control group was treated with olanzapine(initial dose of 10 mg•d^(-1),once•d^(-1),adjusted to 10-20 mg•d^(-1) according to the patient's condition after 2 weeks),while the observation group was treated with risperidone(initial dose of 1 mg•d^(-1),once•d^(-1),adjusted to 2-6 mg•d^(-1) according to the patient's condition after 2 weeks)for 3 months.Before treatment and 3 months after treatment,the severity of schizophrenia symptoms was evaluated using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale(PANSS),and cognitive function was evaluated using the Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale(SCoRS).Also,the changes in glucose and lipid metabolism indicators were detected Using a fully automated biochemical analyzer.And the adverse reactions were recorded.Results:After 3 months of treatment,both groups showed improvement in schizophrenia symptoms and cognitive function,and the observation group showed better results(P<0.05).However,there was no intergroup difference in glucose and lipid metabolism indicators and adverse reactions(P>0.05).Conclusion:Risperidone can improve the symptoms,cognitive function,and metabolic status of schizophrenia in patients with positive family history,and has good safety.