牛初乳对早产儿、婴幼儿及儿童的食用安全性研究进展

Research progress on the food safety of bovine colostrum for preterm infants,infants and children

牛初乳含有丰富的活性成分,具有高营养价值和强保健功能,因而可作为营养补充剂添加食用。目前,有关牛初乳在早产儿、婴儿、幼儿、儿童、学龄儿童中的应用已有报道,但未有团队对牛初乳在早产儿、婴儿、幼儿、儿童、学龄儿童人群中的食用安全性进行过详细的梳理。因此,本文总结了牛初乳的营养价值及保健功能,具体为对比了牛初乳与健康母亲初乳、健康母亲常乳、早产儿母亲初乳、早产儿母亲成熟乳、牛常乳5种乳源的营养组成,发现牛初乳相较于其他5种乳源而言具有更高含量的脂肪、蛋白质、酪蛋白、乳清、免疫球蛋白含量。此外,本文还详细综述了牛初乳在早产儿、婴儿、幼儿、儿童、学龄儿童等特殊人群中的食用安全性,以期为牛初乳在今后的研究与开发给予一定的参考和启发。

Bovine colostrum is rich in active ingredients,has high nutritional value and strong health functions,so it can be added and eaten as a nutritional supplement.At present,the application of bovine colostrum in premature infants,infants,toddlers,children,and school-age children has been reported,but no team has conducted a detailed review of the food safety of bovine colostrum in premature infants,infants,toddlers,children,and school-age children.Therefore,this paper summarizes the nutritional value and health function of bovine colostrum,specifically comparing the nutritional composition of bovine colostrum with 5 kinds of milk sources:Healthy maternal colostrum,healthy maternal milk,maternal colostrum of preterm infants,mature milk of preterm infants,and bovine milk,and it is found that bovine colostrum has higher content of fat,protein,casein,whey and immunoglobulin than the other five milk sources.In addition,this paper also reviewed in detail the food safety of bovine colostrum in special populations such as premature infants,infants,toddlers,children,and school-age children,in order to provide some reference and inspiration for the future research and development of bovine colostrum.