论投资仲裁中的腐败问题——以World Duty Free v.Kenya案为例

On the Issue of Corruption in Investment Arbitration——Take the case of World Duty Free v.Kenya as An Example

近年来腐败抗辩已成为东道国挫败外国投资者的一种应诉策略。以World Duty Free v.Kenya案为例,当下投资仲裁庭往往基于合法性要求、“干净之手”原则及国际公共政策对涉腐投资采取零容忍的处理方式,忽视了东道国的反腐败义务,未能平衡争端双方就腐败行为应承担的责任。与此同时,近年来投资仲裁领域逐渐呈现出适用《国家责任条款草案》、主张腐败抗辩设置条件、倾向适用禁止反言原则来处理涉腐争端的趋势。中国需适应发展,积极将可持续发展理念纳入新一代的双边投资协定,主动参与国际经贸领域中的跨境反腐败,进一步完善跨境经营廉洁合规体系的建设。

In recent years,corruption defense has become a response strategy for host countriesto defeat foreign investors.Taking the World Duty Free v.Kenya case as an example,current investment arbitration tribunals often adopt a zero-tolerance approach to corruption-related investments based on legality requirements,the clean hands doctrine and international public policy,ignored the host country's anti-corruption obligations,and failed to reasonably balance the respective responsibilities of the parties in the dispute for corruption.Nowadays,in the field of investment arbitration,it gradually shows the trend of applying the draft State Liability Clause,setting the conditions for corruption defense,and applying the principle of estoppel to deal with corruption-related disputes.China should seize the opportunity to develop,actively incorporate the concept of sustainable development into the new generation of bilateral investment treaties,actively participate in cross-border anti-corruption in the international economic and trade field,and further improve the construction of integrity and compliance system for cross-border operations.