2000-2022年江西省生态系统调节服务功能演变特征及气象影响

Evolution characteristics and meteorological impacts of ecosystem regulation service functions in Jiangxi Province,China from 2000 to 2022

江西省是全国首批生态文明示范省之一,探明气象条件对生态系统调节服务功能的影响,有利于因地制宜开展生态环境保护和修复工作。本研究基于2000-2022年MODIS数据、净初级生产力数据和逐月气象数据,采用水量平衡方程、土壤流失方程等模型,对江西省生态系统固碳、释氧、水源涵养、土壤保持4种调节服务功能进行测算,并利用趋势分析、偏相关分析方法分析4种调节服务功能的时空格局及其气象影响因素。结果表明:2000-2022年,江西省生态系统固碳量和释氧量年均值分别为178.8和130.0g·m^(2),年均增加值分别为0.4和0.3g·m^(2),两者在空间分布上一致,全省有77.3%区域的固碳释氧年均值呈上升趋势。江西省水源涵养和土壤保持均值分别为591.8mm和723.8t·hm^(-2),两者在空间分布上较为一致,两者年均增加值分别为5.6mm和3.7t·hm^(2),全省分别有73.3%、69.3%区域的土壤保持和水源涵养功能稳步提升。植被的固碳释氧功能在月尺度、季节尺度与气温呈显著相关,两者的偏相关系数也高于其他因子,是影响生态系统固碳释氧功能的重要气象因子。无论在月尺度、季尺度还是年尺度上,降水量与水源涵养量和土壤保持量均呈显著正相关关系,是其最重要的气象影响因素。本研究揭示了2000-2022年间气候变化对江西省生态系统调节服务功能的影响,可为切实保障江西省生态系统保护修复、提高生态文明建设的质量和效益提供科技支撑。

Jiangxi Province is one of the first ecological civilization demonstration provinces in China. Understan-ding the impacts of meteorological conditions on ecosystem regulatory services is beneficial for conducting ecological protection and restoration work. Based on MODIS data, net primary productivity data, and monthly meteorological data from 2000 to 2022, we used models such as water balance equation and soil loss equation to measure the four regulatory service functions of ecosystem in Jiangxi Province, including carbon sequestration, oxygen release, water conservation and soil conservation. We used trend analysis and partial correlation analysis methods to analyze the spatio-temporal patterns and meteorological influencing factors of those four regulation service functions. The results showed that from 2000 to 2022, the annual average values of carbon sequestration and oxygen release in Jiangxi Province were 178.8 and 130.0 g·m^(-2), respectively, with annual increases of 0.4 and 0.3 g·m^(-2). The spatial distribution of both services was consistent, and the average annual carbon sequestration and oxygen release showed an upward trend in 77.3% regions of Jiangxi Province. The average water conservation and soil retention in Jiangxi Province were 591.8 mm and 723.8 t·hm^(-2), respectively, with similar spatial distributions. The annual increases were 5.6 mm and 3.7 t·hm^(-2). The soil conservation and water conservation functions of 73.3% and 69.3% regions in Jiangxi Province were steadily improved. Vegetation carbon sequestration and oxygen release was significantly correlated with temperature at monthly scale and seasonal scale. The partial correlation coefficient of those two factors was higher than other factors, which was an important meteorological factor affecting the carbon sequestration and oxygen release function of ecosystem. Precipitation, which was the most important meteorological factor, had a significant positive correlation with water conservation and soil conservation at monthly, seasonal and annual scales. Our results revealed the impacts of climate change on ecosystem regulatory service functions in Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2022, which could provide scientific and technological support for effectively guaranteeing ecosystem protection and restoration in Jiangxi Province and improving the quality and efficiency of ecological civilization construction.