不同包装方式对清蒸大黄鱼贮藏过程中品质及菌群的影响

Effect of Different Packaging Methods on the Quality and Microbial Community of Steamed Large Yellow Croaker during Storage

探究不同包装方式对清蒸大黄鱼贮藏过程中品质及菌群的影响。基于理化性质及高通量测序技术测定不同包装方式下清蒸大黄鱼贮藏过程中的汁液流失率、pH值、总挥发性盐基氮(total volatile basic nitrogen,TVB-N)含量、硫代巴比妥酸反应物值、挥发性成分、菌落总数和微生物群落的变化。结果表明:相比于普通包装,真空包装和气调包装均可有效抑制清蒸大黄鱼贮藏过程中TVB-N含量的上升,真空包装可以最大程度抑制贮藏过程中清蒸大黄鱼的脂质氧化,而气调包装可以最大程度抑制微生物的生长;清蒸大黄鱼贮藏后关键挥发性成分为己醛、辛醛、壬醛、癸醛、庚醇、2-十一酮,其中气调包装的清蒸大黄鱼风味优于普通包装和真空包装;清蒸大黄鱼贮藏后的菌群多样性下降,其中革兰氏阴性菌占据优势,优势菌门为变形菌门、蓝细菌门和拟杆菌门;在属水平上,普通包装组优势菌属为嗜冷杆菌和不动杆菌,气调包装组为不动杆菌与无色杆菌,真空包装组为不动杆菌、希瓦氏菌和假单胞菌。本研究可为大黄鱼加工贮藏中包装方式的选择提供参考。

This study aimed to explore the effects of different packaging methods on the quality and microflora of steamed large yellow croaker during storage.Changes in the drip loss rate,pH,total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N)content,thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS)value,volatile components,total bacterial count(TBC)and microbial community of steamed large yellow croaker were determined during storage under different packaging conditions.It was found that compared with ordinary packaging(OP),vacuum packaging(VP)and modified atmosphere packaging(MAP)effectively inhibited the increase of TVB-N content during storage of steamed large yellow croaker.VP inhibited lipid oxidation to the greatest extent,and MAP inhibited the growth of microorganisms to the greatest extent.The key volatile components of steamed large yellow croaker after storage were hexaldehyde,octyl aldehyde,nonylaldehyde,capric aldehyde,heptanol and 2-undecone.The flavor of steamed large yellow croaker was better under MAP than under OP and VP.After storage,the bacterial diversity of steamed large yellow croaker decreased,and Gram-negative bacteria predominated in the bacterial community,with Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes being the dominant phyla.The dominant bacteria genera in the OP group were Psychrobacter and Acinetobacter,those in the MAP group were Acinetobacter and Achromobacter,and those in the VP group were Acinetobacter,Shewanella and Pseudomonas.The findings from this study can provide a reference for the selection of packaging methods in the processing and storage of large yellow croaker.