矿农复合区农户最优生计策略及生计转型研究

Study on the Optimal Livelihood Strategy and Livelihood Transition of Farming Households in Mining-agricultural Compound Area

矿农复合区为经济建设提供矿产资源的同时,也影响着农户生计资本和生计策略,研究该地区农户生计状况对促进当地经济与农户生计的可持续发展具有参考意义.基于可持续生计理论和问卷调查数据,运用熵值法和随机占优分布密度函数研究农户的生计资本和生计策略特征,运用多分类logistic回归模型分析农户生计资本对所选生计策略的影响.研究结果表明:1)农户的生计资本指标值差异明显,生计资本分布不均衡;2)调查的农户中90%采取兼业型和非农业型的生计策略,选择兼业型生计策略的农户占比最大,且兼业型和非农业型农户创造的经济效益更高;3)自然资本、人力资本和金融资本是影响农户生计策略选择的重要因素,人力资本也是纯农业型农户生计转型的关键影响因子.根据研究结果,提出了保护环境和优化补贴、提高人力资本并实现生计转型的建议,以期促进矿农复合区农户生计可持续发展.

The mining-agricultural compound area provides mineral resources for economic construction and also affects farmers′livelihood capital and livelihood strategy.Therefore,it is imperative to study the livelihood status of farming households in this area to promote the sustainable development of local economy and farming households′livelihoods.Based on sustainable livelihood theory and questionnaire data,this research uses the entropy method and random dominance distribution density function to study the characteristics of farmers′livelihood capital and livelihood strategy,and uses multivariate logistic regression model to analyze the influence of farmers′livelihood capital on the selected livelihood strategy.The results show that:1)The values of livelihood capital indicators of farm households vary significantly and the distribution of livelihood capital is uneven.2)90% of the surveyed farmers adopt part-time and non-agricultural livelihood strategies,the largest proportion of farmers choose part-time livelihood strategy,and the economic benefits created by part-time and non-agricultural farmers are higher.3)Natural capital,human capital and financial capital are important factors influencing the choice of livelihood strategy of farm households,and human capital is also a key influencing factor in the livelihood transition of purely agricultural type of farm households.Based on the results of the study,related policy proposals are put forward to protect environment,optimize subsidies,improve human capital and achieve the livelihood transition for the sustainable development of farm household livelihoods in mining-agricultural compound area.