基于眼动-面孔情绪识别范式的自闭症谱系障碍儿童一级亲属情感认知研究

A study on the affective cognition of first-level relatives of children with autism spectrum disorder based on the eye movement-face emotion recognition paradigm

目的探讨自闭症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童一级亲属的情感认知特点,以揭示ASD的家族性影响。方法招募33名ASD儿童一级亲属和32名正常发育(typically developing,TD)儿童一级亲属,分别完成人际反应指针量表(Interpersonal Response Indicator,IRI)、多伦多述情障碍量表(Toronto Alexithymia Scale,TAS-20),以及眼动-面孔情绪识别任务。结果①ASD儿童一级亲属和TD儿童的一级亲属对情绪面孔“惊”的识别正确频次更高,并且TD儿童一级亲属更容易识别“悲”面孔,但两组在眼动-面孔情绪识别任务的反应准确性上差异无统计学意义;②与TD儿童一级亲属相比,ASD儿童一级亲属在观点采择方面的得分较低,个人忧伤得分较高;③ASD儿童一级亲属的外向性思维得分与共情能力、想象能力、观点采择及共情关注呈负相关,个人忧伤得分与述情障碍呈正相关。结论ASD儿童一级亲属对特定负面情绪的辨别能力存在差异,且其个人忧伤与情感辨别能力相关联,情绪类型能影响ASD儿童一级亲属和TD儿童一级亲属对情绪面孔识别的能力。

Objective To investigate the affective and cognitive characteristics of first-degree relatives of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)to reveal the familial impact of ASD.Methods We recruited 33 first-degree relatives of children with ASD and 32 first-degree relatives of typically developing(TD)children.Participants completed the Interpersonal Response Indicator(IRI),the Toronto Alexithymia Scale(TAS-20),and an eye-tracking face emotion recognition task.Results①Both the first-degree relatives of ASD children and those of TD children had higher correct recognition frequencies for the“surprised”emotional face.Additionally,the first-degree relatives of TD children were more likely to recognize the“sad”face.However,there was no significant difference in response accuracy for the eye movement-face emotion recognition task between the two groups;②Compared with the first-degree relatives of TD children,first-degree relatives of ASD children scored lower on viewpoint-taking and higher on personal grief;③The extroverted thinking scores of first-degree relatives of ASD children were negatively correlated with empathy ability,imagination ability,viewpoint-taking,and empathetic attention.Conversely,personal grief scores were positively correlated with alexithymia.Conclusion There are discernible differences in the ability of first-degree relatives of children with ASD to discriminate specific negative emotions.Personal sadness is associated with emotional discernment,and emotional type can affect the ability of first-degree relatives of children with ASD and TD to recognize emotional faces.