磁共振扩散峰度成像在全面发育迟缓患儿中的应用

Application of Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging in Children with Global Developmental Delay

目的使用磁共振扩散峰度成像(DKI)观察全面发育迟缓(GDD)患儿大脑微结构的变化特点。资料与方法回顾性纳入2020年9月—2023年3月郑州大学第三附属医院34例GDD患儿(实验组)和34例正常发育儿童(对照组),收集其DKI和临床资料,经后处理得到DKI参数,包括各向异性分数、平均峰度(MK)、轴向峰度和径向峰度(Kr),比较两组各感兴趣区中不同参数的差异,将DKI参数与Gesell发育量表评分进行相关性分析,绘制受试者工作特征曲线分析DKI参数的诊断效能。结果与对照组相比,GDD组半卵圆中心的MK值降低(Z=-2.723,P<0.01),丘脑的MK值和Kr值均降低(t/Z=-3.220、-3.128,P均<0.01),内囊前肢和后肢的MK值、轴向峰度值均降低(t/Z=-2.958、-2.573、-2.085、-2.403,P均<0.05),内囊前肢的Kr值降低(t=-2.155,P<0.05),额叶白质的MK值和Kr值均降低(Z=-2.177、-2.711,P均<0.05)。相关性分析发现,内囊前肢的MK值、Kr值和内囊后肢的MK值与大运动能区得分呈正相关(r=0.379、0.378、0.405,P均<0.05),内囊后肢的MK值与精细动作能区得分呈正相关(r=0.461,P=0.006)。丘脑的Kr值诊断GDD的曲线下面积最大,为0.721。结论GDD患儿存在大脑微结构的改变,DKI对其诊断具有一定的价值。

Purpose To observe the changes in the brain microstructure of children with global developmental delay(GDD)via MR diffusion kurtosis imaging(DKI).Materials and Methods A total of 34 children with GDD were included as the experimental group,and 34 children with normal development as the control group in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from September 2020 to March 2023,retrospectively.DKI and clinical data were collected.After post-processing,DKI parameters were obtained,including fraction anisotropy,mean kurtosis(MK),axial kurtosis and radial kurtosis(Kr).The differences in parameters in each region of interest of the two groups were analyzed,the correlation between DKI parameters and Gesell developmental scale was analyzed,and the receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of DKI parameters.Results Compared with the control group,the MK value of the centrum semiovale decreased(Z=-2.723,P<0.01),the MK value and Kr value of the thalamus decreased(t/Z=-3.220,-3.128,both P<0.01),the MK value and axial kurtosis value of the anterior and posterior limb of internal capsule decreased(t/Z=-2.958,-2.573,-2.085,-2.403,all P<0.05),the Kr value of the anterior limb of internal capsule decreased(t=-2.155,P<0.05),the MK value and Kr value of frontal white matter decreased(Z=-2.177,-2.711,both P<0.05).The correlation analysis showed that the MK and Kr value of the anterior limb of the internal capsule and the MK value of the posterior limb of the internal capsule were positively correlated with the score of the gross motor functional area(r=0.379,0.378,0.405,all P<0.05),and the MK value of the posterior limb of the internal capsule was positively correlated with the fine motor functional area(r=0.461,P=0.006).The Kr value of the thalamus had the largest area under the curve at 0.721 when diagnosing GDD.Conclusion Children with GDD have changes in brain microstructure,and DKI has a certain value for diagnosis.