院校培养模式下护理本科生应急处置团队合作能力的培养需求分析

Training need of teamwork skills in emergency response for nursing undergraduates based on institution-hospital training model

目的从护理教育和临床实践2个视角综合探讨护理本科生应急处置团队合作能力的培训需求分析,为进一步开发课程体系提供依据。方法对10名有应急处置团队合作经验的护理教育及临床专家进行一对一半结构式的深入访谈,访谈内容主要包括护理本科生应急处置合作能力的现状、培养目标、课程设置等,运用内容分析法进行资料分析且提炼主题。结果最终形成3个主题和9个亚主题,包括缺少针对性的护生应急处置团队合作培养体系(学校缺乏系统教育、临床实践和理论脱节);明确应急处置团队合作能力培养目标(横纵向沟通能力、对场景预判能力和最大化决策能力);丰富培训内容及考核形式(理论授课,初步感受多学科思维;临床实践,形成整合性思维和专业思维;情景模拟,培养精准复盘思维;多样化考核评价,提升综合能力)。结论建议联合学校—医院—护理本科生,建立目标明确、切实可行的护理本科生应急处置团队合作培养体系。从护生本科教育阶段开始注重对其能力的培养,学校课程全面覆盖应急处置的预防、准备、响应和复原各环节,“应急预备小队”强化实践技能和培养团队合作默契,医院虚拟仿真平台提供实战经验。将团队合作精神全方位融入护理本科生应急课程与实践中,为储备应急护理人才、提升护理队伍的整体应急处置团队合作能力提供坚实后盾。

Objective To explore the training need of teamwork skills in emergency response for nursing undergraduates from the perspective of nursing education and clinical practice,and to provide basis for further development of curriculum system.Methods In-depth one-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted within 10 nursing education and clinical experts with experience in teamwork collaboration for emergency response.The interviews focused on current situation of teamwork collaboration for emergency response among nursing undergraduates,training objectives,course setting,etc.The data were analyzed using content analysis and the themes were refined.Results Three themes and nine sub-themes were finally formed,including lack of targeted training system for nursing students'teamwork skills for emergency response(no systematic education in the institutions,and disconnection between clinical practice and theory);clear objectives for the training of teamwork skills for emergency response(horizontal and vertical communication ability,ability to anticipate scenarios,and ability to maximize decision-making);and multiple training content and assessment forms(theoretical lectures to experience multidisciplinary thinking,clinical practice to develop integrative and professional thinking;scenario simulation to cultivate accurate reflective thinking;diversified assessment and evaluation methods to enhance comprehensive ability).Conclusion It is recommended to establish a well-defined and practical training system for teamwork skills for emergency response in nursing undergraduates,with the collaboration of universities,hospitals,and nursing undergraduates.Focus should be placed on cultivating these capabilities from undergraduate nursing education,and school curriculum should comprehensively cover all aspects of emergency management,including prevention,preparation,response and recovery.The"Emergency Preparedness Team"should be established to strengthen practical skills and teamwork spirit,while hospital virtual simulation platform to provide practical experience.Integrating teamwork spirit into nursing undergraduate emergency courses and practices in all aspects will provide a solid foundation for reserving emergency nursing talents and improving the overall emergency response teamwork skills of the nursing team.