数字化转型如何促进制造业创新

How Digital Transformation Promotes Manufacturing Innovation

选取中国制造业2005—2020年面板数据,采用双向固定效应模型考察了数字化转型对创新的影响,并进一步运用中介效应模型基于市场、技术、产品维度对其影响机制进行了检验。研究结果表明:数字化转型具有显著的创新效应,且表现出行业和投入双重异质性,一方面,数字化转型抑制了劳动资源密集型行业创新,但对资本技术密集型行业创新呈正向影响;另一方面,硬件数字化转型相较软件数字化转型的创新效应更强。市场规模效应、技术改造效应、产品革新效应是数字化转型推动制造业创新的三大渠道,其中,硬件数字化转型可引致技术改造升级和产品革新开发促进创新,而软件数字化转型则通过本土市场规模扩大和产品革新开发带动创新。

By selecting the panel data of China's manufacturing industry from 2005 to 2020,the two-way fixed effect model was used to examine the impact of digital transformation on innovation,and the intermediary effect model was used to examine its impact mechanism based on market,technology and product dimensions.The research results show that digital transformation has a significant innovation effect,and shows the dual heterogeneity of industry and investment.On the one hand,digital transformation inhibits innovation in labor resource intensive industries,but has a positive impact on innovation in capital technology intensive industries.On the other hand,hardware digital transformation has a stronger innovation effect than software digital transformation.Market scale effect,technology transformation effect and product innovation effect are the three major channels for digital transformation to promote manufacturing innovation.Among them,hardware digital transformation can lead to technology transformation and upgrading and product innovation and development to promote innovation,while software digital transformation can drive innovation through local market scale expansion and product innovation and development.