全链路数字化转型过程中的组织惯性克服机制

Research on the Mechanism of Overcoming Organizational Inertia in the Process of Full-link Digital Transformation

数字经济时代,涵盖全场域的全链路数字化转型往往面临更广范围的历史束缚,使得传统企业深陷历史惯性囹圄,克服组织惯性成为传统企业实现数字化发展的首要任务。本文对飞鹤乳业的数字化转型实践过程进行探索性案例分析,探究传统企业全链路数字化转型过程中面临的组织惯性及其克服机制。研究发现:全链路数字化转型过程中,(1)组织惯性显现范围被扩大,企业面临跨功能认知惯性与跨功能结构惯性的变革阻力;(2)传统企业通过由外而内的资源编排方式来克服跨功能组织惯性阻力,且不同类别跨功能组织惯性克服的内在机理存在异质性。对于跨功能认知惯性克服,企业采用“外源型结构化-传承型能力化-置换型杠杆化”的资源编排策略;对于跨功能结构惯性克服,企业采用“外源型结构化-开拓型能力化-组合型杠杆化”的资源编排策略。本文不仅扩展了数字化转型情境下组织惯性的相关理论,还为传统企业成功推进数字化转型提供了实践指引。

In the context of the digital economy,the full-link digital transformation,which encompasses the entire field,frequently encounters a broader range of historical constraints.It often results traditional enterprises being significantly constrained by historical inertia.Overcoming organizational inertia has become a primary objective for traditional enterprises digital transformation.This exploratory case study examines Feihe Dairy's digital transformation practice process to analyze the organizational inertia and its overcoming mechanisms within traditional enterprises undergoing full-link digital transformation.The results demonstrate that during the process of full-link digital transformation.The manifestation scope of organizational inertia has been expanded,and enterprises are confronted with the resistance to change of cross-functional cognitive inertia and cross-functional structural inertia.Traditional enterprises overcome cross-functional organizational inertia by orchestrating resources from the outside-in,and there is heterogeneity in the mechanisms by which different cross-functional inertia is overcome.To overcome cross-functional cognitive inertia,enterprises adopt a resource orchestration strategy of “exogenous structuring-inherited capability-replacement leverage”.To overcome cross-functional structural inertia,enterprises adopt a resource orchestration strategy of “exogenous structuring-pioneering capabilities-combinational leverage”.It not only extends the theory of organizational inertia in the context of digital transformation,but also provides practical guidelines for traditional enterprises to successfully promote digital transformation.