煤矿粉尘危害及防控治理技术研究进展

Research progress on coal mine dust hazard and its prevention and control technology

煤矿粉尘不仅对煤矿工人身体健康造成影响,还在一定程度上影响煤矿开采安全。介绍了煤矿粉尘的分类;分析了煤矿粉尘的危害;综述了煤层注水、喷雾降尘、化学除尘、泡沫抑尘等几种目前使用最为广泛的除尘、降尘技术的研究进展;基于现有技术的不足,在除尘设备智能化、集成化,粉尘防控技术精准化,智慧除尘体系建设三个方面展望了煤矿粉尘防治技术的发展趋势。

Coal mine dust not only affects the health of coal miners but also poses certain risks to the mining safety.The classification of coal mine dust was introduced,its hazards were analyzed,and the research progress of several most widely used coal dust removal and suppression technologies was reviewed,including coal seam water injection,spray dust suppression,chemical dust removal and foam dust suppression.Finally,based on the deficiencies of existing technologies,the development trends of coal mine dust prevention and control technologies were elaborated from the following three aspects:intelligentization and integration of dust removal equipment,precision of dust prevention and control technologies,and establishment of a smart dust removal system.