青海省东部农业区花椒种质资源调查

Investigation of Germplasm Resources of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim in the Eastern Agricultural Area of Qinghai Province

为调查青海省的花椒种质资源,文章调查收集了青海省东部农业区7个县(区)的花椒种质资源37份,并对其植物学表型性状、株型、枝条、叶片、果实等进行调查。结果显示,37份花椒种质资源19项表型性状指标的变异系数在7.26%~59.82%之间,整体变异系数平均为18.17%,变异系数最大的指标为单个果穗果实数量,为59.82%;出皮率的变异系数最小,为7.26%。花椒枝条表型性状的变异系数在13.43%~21.94%之间,叶片的表型性状变异系数在14.14%~19.73%之间,果实表型性状的变异系数在7.26%~59.82%之间。37份样本的19个表型性状分析结果,在一定程度上反映了青海省东部农业区花椒种质资源的多样性,为今后深入研究其遗传多样性及开发利用奠定了基础。

In order to investigate the Zanthoxylum bungeanum germplasm resources in Qinghai Province,this study took Zanthoxylum bungeanum in seven counties in the eastern agricultural area of Qinghai Province as the main research object.A total of 37 Zanthoxylum bungeanum germplasm resources in the eastern agricultural area of Qinghai Province were collected and a detailed plant investigation of phenotypic traits,including traits related to plant type,branches,leaves,and fruits.Survey data shows that the coefficient of variation of 19 phenotypic traits in 37 green pepper germplasm resources ranged from 7.26%to 59.82%,and the overall coefficient of variation averaged 18.17%.The indicator with the largest coefficient of variation was the number of fruits per ear,which was 59.82%.The coefficient of variation of skin extraction rate is the smallest,7.26%.The peeling rate of Zanthoxylum bungeanum shoots ranged from 13.43%to 21.94%,that of leaves ranged from 14.14%to 19.73%,and that of fruit phenotypic traits ranged from 7.26%to 59.82%.Based on the analysis of 19 phenotypic traits of 37 samples,it reflects to a certain extent the diversity of Zanthoxylum bungeanum germplasm resources in the eastern agricultural region of Qinghai Province,laying the foundation for in-depth research on its genetic diversity and its development and utilization in the future.