碳球粒沉积记录揭示的人类工业活动:研究历史、现状与展望

Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particle Deposition Records Revealing Human Industrial Activities:Research History,Advances,and Prospects

在“人类世”危机背景下,研究人类活动对地球生态环境的影响至关重要。球状碳质颗粒(以下简称碳颗粒)作为地质记录中人类活动的新型标志物,源自化石燃料工业高温下的不充分燃烧,随着全球工业化进程的推进,碳球粒研究和应用的重要性日益凸显。首先,系统梳理了碳球粒的研究历史和特性,指出碳球粒因稳定的化学性质、独特的形态特征和易于获取的优势而成为黑碳中独特的研究组分;其次,总结了碳球粒在反映区域环境污染、辅助沉积物定年和追溯大气污染物来源等方面的重要应用,提出碳球粒研究的不足:如鉴定过程中存在人为误差、南半球及湖泊外的研究记录相对匮乏、生态系统中的潜在危害尚不明确以及沉积物定年中的应用受多种因素影响等。未来,需利用网络数据库建立碳球粒的鉴定和参照标准,探索其在全球范围内记录人类活动的生态环境意义,并确定稳定可靠、可供对比的区域碳球粒年代标尺,以进一步完善并深化当前研究。

In the context of the Anthropocene crisis,studying the impact of human activities on the Earth's ecological environment is crucial.Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particles(SCPs),novel markers of human activity in geological records,originate from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels at high industrial temperatures.With advancements in global industrialization,SCPs research and applications have become increasingly important.This study systematically reviews the research history and characteristics of SCPs,highlighting their stable chemical properties,unique morphological features,and easy accessibility,which make them a unique component of black carbon research.It then summarizes the significant applications of SCPs in reflecting regional environmental pollution,aiding in sediment dating and tracing atmospheric pollution sources.This study also identified the shortcomings of SCPs research,such as human error in identification,the relative scarcity of research records in the Southern Hemisphere and outside lakes,unclear potential hazards in ecosystems,and the influence of various factors on their application in sediment dating.In the future,it will be necessary to establish identification and reference standards for SCPs using online databases;explore their ecological and environmental significance in recording human activities on a global scale;and determine stable,reliable,and comparable regional SCP chronologies to further refine and deepen the current research.