我国城市轨道交通运营线路旅行速度和速度效率分析

Travel Speed and Speed Efficiency of Existing Urban Rail Transit Lines in China

为衡量城市轨道交通线路的旅行速度所发挥的效率,提出速度效率的概念。基于我国170条城市轨道交通线路的运营数据,涵盖全封闭运行的地铁、轻轨、单轨等系统,只考虑站站停的列车运行模式,从平均站间距和线路设计速度两个方面对旅行速度和速度效率进行分析,结果表明:大部分线路(约64%)设计速度为80 km/h,平均站间距为1.0~2.5 km,其中约90%的线路旅行速度为30~40 km/h,速度效率为37.5%~50.0%。此外,量化分析旅行速度和平均站间距、设计速度正相关的变化关系,以及速度效率与平均站间距正相关、与设计速度负相关的变化关系。最后,基于实际数据拟合的旅行速度和速度效率公式,计算得到平均站间距、设计速度、旅行速度和速度效率的对应分布值,可为衡量城市轨道交通线路旅行速度和速度效率的合理范围提供参考。

The concept of speed efficiency was proposed to measure the travel speed efficiency of urban rail transit lines.This study analyzed the operating data of 170 urban rail transit lines in China,including fully closed-operated subway,light rail,and monorail systems,considering only the train operating mode at station stops.The analysis covered various factors such as average station spacing,line design speed,and travel speed.The results showed that most lines(approximately 64%)have a design speed of 80 km/h,with average station spacing ranging from 1.0 to 2.5 km.Among these lines,about 90%have a travel speed between 30 and 40 km/h,with speed efficiency distributed between 37.5%and 50.0%.Additionally,the study quantitatively analyzed the relationships between travel speed,average station spacing,and design speed,finding both positive and negative correlations.Finally,based on fitted travel speed and speed efficiency formulas and actual data,the corresponding distribution relationships of average station spacing,design speed,travel speed,and speed efficiency were calculated.These findings provide a reference for determining a reasonable travel speed range and speed efficiency for urban rail transit lines.