复合多孔YSZ陶瓷隔膜在水系锌离子电池中的应用

Application of Composite Porous YSZ Ceramic Separators in Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries

水系锌离子电池因其优秀的安全性和较高的容量密度而受到了大量的关注,但水溶液中易快速生长的树突状锌枝晶对水系锌电池的发展构成了明显的阻碍。传统玻纤隔膜因结构稳定性较差而易受枝晶穿透。为此,通过多孔陶瓷制备工艺烧制获得了主要孔径尺寸在6μm左右、孔隙率达45.8887%的多孔YSZ陶瓷片。多孔YSZ陶瓷稳定的孔隙结构有效提升了电池的循环寿命,实验中基于多孔YSZ隔膜的水系锌离子电池在1 mA·cm^(-2)的电流密度下保持了763 h的稳定循环。同时,尝试使用界面修饰的方法对陶瓷隔膜进行改进,最终发现使用单侧覆碳称量纸作为陶瓷隔膜与电极间的修饰层能进一步提升电池的循环时长,复合陶瓷隔膜对称电池在同等电流密度下的循环时间达到了1016h。稳定的陶瓷孔隙与极低的电子导通性有效减缓了锌枝晶的生长速度,而牢固且导电的界面修饰层起到了均匀界面电场分布的作用,因此复合陶瓷隔膜表现出了优秀的水系离子电池稳定性能。

Aqueous zinc ion batteries have received a great deal of attention,due to their excellent safety and high-capacity density.However,zinc dendrites,which are prone to rapid growth in aqueous solutions,constitute an obvious obstacle to the development of aqueous zinc batteries.Conventional glass fiber separators are susceptible to dendrite penetration,owing to the poor structural stability.Porous YSZ ceramic sheets,with main pore size of about 6μm and porosity up to 45.8887%,were developed by using porous ceramic preparation process.The stable pore structure of the porous YSZ ceramics effectively enhanced the cycle life of the battery.Specifically,the aqueous zinc ion battery based on the porous YSZ separators maintained a stable cycle of 763 h at a current density of 1 mA·cm^(-2).Attempts have been tried to improve performances of the ceramic separator by using an interface modification method.It is finally found that weighing paper coated unilateral carbon could be used as the modification layer between the ceramic separator and the electrodes,further improving the cycle stability of the battery,while the composite ceramic separator symmetric batteries reached a cycle time of 1016 h.Stable ceramic pores and extremely low electronic conductivity effectively slow down the growth of Zn dendrites,while the solid and conductive interface modification layer played an important role in homogenizing the distribution of the interfacial electric field.Therefore,such composite ceramic separators showed excellent stability of aqueous ion batteries.