以“易自然”强化国际法上的发展权

Strengthen the Right to Development under International Law Through“Yi Ziran”

发展权从无到有,已成为国际法上的实然权利。“易自然”的研究方法,即以《易经》天道自然的哲学思想为指导,在老子哲学思想的基础上,兼纳庄子及儒家、法家和新理学等涉及国际法的优秀思想,主张发展权的发生、发展必须尊道贵德。发展权的产生背景、发展历程验证了发展权的发生、发展是道的体现。作为国际法上的权利,发展权不仅是国家的权利,也是个人的权利。这与国际法上的其他权利不尽相同,反映了由德而蓄的发展权有其本身的特性。权利无具体内容便难以落实。《联合国宪章》下的人格尊严及中华传统文化的诚实信用、包容、少私、尊道重义以及承担个人责任等价值可作为发展权的内容或“物”。个人是发展权的权利主体也是责任主体,故有责任推动发展权的“物”与“势”(实施条件)的渐次完备,以造福人类。

This article proposes that the“Yi Ziran”legal analysis method can be adopted to strengthen the right to development under the international law.The right to development has evolved into a substantive right in international law.The“Yi Ziran”method is inspired by the philosophical teachings of Laozi,Zhuangzi,Confucius,Legalism,and New Neo-Confucianism,incorporating the view of the universe found in the Yijing(Book of Changes).It argues that the right to development should respect the Dao(law)and De(virtue).The“Yi Ziran”method is based on the close relationship between law and culture,recognizing that legal development is intertwined with culture and tradition.Cultural and traditional values often reflect common human values and contribute to the advancement of law,jurisprudence,and legal philosophy.Unlike theistic perspectives,Yijing and Laozi’s philosophy advocate atheism,asserting that“Dao”is the fundamental source of all things.According to this philosophy,all entities in the universe are born,develop prosper,decline,and die in accordance with the principles of“Dao”.Therefore,“Dao”serves as the highest standard for human behavior and the ultimate paradigm for legal systems and norms.This perspective aligns with the natural progression of phenomena and demonstrates the wisdom of Chinese traditional culture.It can serve as a bridge between Eastern and Western cultures,offering a logical foundation for regulating cross-border exchanges and transactions among humans.The“Yi Ziran”legal analysis method examines the right to development from four perspectives:“Dao”,“De”,“Wu”(material)and“Shi”(conditionality).The right to development in international law has its own evolutionary process,guided by its own rules or“Dao”.It also requires the cultivation of“De”to take shape.“Wu”and“Shi”contribute to its formation and realization.“Dao”represents the root of all creation,and its specific manifestation relies on“De”.As a right in international law,the right to development is not solely the right of nations but also the right of individuals.It possesses unique characteristics derived from its inherent“De”.Furthermore,the generation and growth of entities require certain conditions,namely“Wu”and“Shi”.Human dignity can be considered the“Wu”,namely,the material aspect of the right to development.Descriptions of on human dignity in Chinese traditional culture reaffirm that human dignity,as the“Wu”of the right to development,is a shared value of humanity.The“Shi”of the right to development involves understanding its essence and necessity within the international community,national and sub-national societies,and individuals,as well as effectively implementing the right to development.People are the most crucial element in this process,as society,states,and the international community rely on their presence.Rights require specific content for the effective implementation.The successful realization of the right to development depends on defining its content or“Shi”.The New Haven School of Jurisprudence’s analysis of human dignity aids in determining the content of the right to development.The concept of human dignity under the United Nations Charter and the values of good faith,tolerance,selflessness,respect for justice,and personal responsibility in Chinese traditional culture can be incorporated into the content or“Wu”of the right to development.Since individuals are the beneficiaries of the right to development,they should also bear related responsibilities and work towards completing the“Wu”and“Shi”(implementation conditions)of the right to development.In summary,the“Yi Ziran”legal analysis method advocates the integration of various thoughts,concepts,standards,methods,and approaches involved in Chinese traditional culture into the right to development.This approach ensures that the right to development is implemented in accordance with the principles of“Dao”,promoting the human dignity and world peace as envisioned by the United Nations Charter for the benefit of all humankind.