父母教养效能感与养育倦怠的关系及情绪表达在其中的调节作用

Relation between parents'parenting efficacy and parental burnout and the moderating effect of emotional expression

目的 分析父母教养效能感与养育倦怠之间的关系,并探讨情绪表达在两者之间的调节作用。方法 纳入951名初级中学学生的父母作为研究对象。采用养育倦怠评估量表、父母教养效能感分量表、家庭情绪表露量表分别评估父母的养育倦怠、教养效能感、情绪表达水平。采用偏相关分析在控制其他变量的线性影响下评估教养效能感、养育倦怠、情绪表达之间的相关性。采用SPSS 26.0软件的插件PROCESS 4.1检验情绪表达在教养效能感与养育倦怠之间的调节作用。结果 (1)父母的教养效能感与消极情绪表达、养育倦怠呈负相关,与积极情绪表达呈正相关(P<0.05);养育倦怠与积极情绪表达呈负相关,而与消极情绪表达呈正相关(P<0.05)。(2)在校正相关混杂因素后,教养效能感与积极情绪表达的交互项、教养效能感与消极情绪表达的交互项对养育倦怠具有负向预测作用(P<0.05);在低水平积极或消极情绪表达的条件下,教养效能感对养育倦怠的负向预测作用不显著,而在中、高水平积极或消极情绪表达的条件下,教养效能感可以显著负向预测养育倦怠。结论 父母情绪表达在教养效能感与养育倦怠之间起到调节作用。在中、高水平情绪表达条件下(不管情绪表达类型是否积极),父母教养效能感越强,养育倦怠程度越轻。

Objective To analyze the relation of parents´parenting efficacy with parental burnout,and to explore the moderating effect of emotional expression between the two as above.Methods A total of 951 parents of students in the middle school were enrolled as the research subjects.Parents´parental burnout,parenting efficacy,and emotional expression were evaluated by employing the parental burnout assessment scale,parents´parenting efficacy subscale,self-expressiveness within the family context,respectively.Partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between parenting efficacy,parental burnout and emotional expression while controlling for the linear influence of other variables.The moderating effect of emotional expression between parenting efficacy and parental burnout was validated by using the PROCESS 4.1 plugin of SPSS 26.0 software.Results(1)Parents´parenting efficacy negatively correlated with negatively emotional expression and parental burnout,and positively correlated with positively emotional expression(P<0.05).Parental burnout negatively correlated with positively emotional expression,whereas positively correlated with negatively emotional expression(P<0.05).(2)After adjusting for relevant confounding factors,the interaction term between parenting efficacy and positively emotional expression,and the interaction term between parenting efficacy and negatively emotional expression exerted negative prediction effect on parental burnout(P<0.05).In conditions of low levels of positively or negatively emotional expression,parenting efficacy exhibited inapparently negative prediction effect on parental burnout,while in conditions of medium and high levels of positively or negatively emotional expression,parenting efficacy could negatively predict parental burnout prominently.Conclusion Parental emotional expression plays a moderating role between parenting efficacy and parental burnout.In conditions of medium and high levels of emotional expression(regardless of whether the type of emotional expression is positive or not),stronger parenting efficacy is associated with slighter degree of parental burnout.