隔热层对电动汽车用金属锂电池热失控的影响

Influence of insulation layer on thermal runaway of metal lithium batteries for electric vehicles

目前用于电动汽车的金属锂电池在充电、放电时会释放大量热能,若不及时将其排出,很容易引起热失控,引起火灾、爆炸等重大安全事故。为了提高电动汽车的安全性,对隔热层对电动汽车用金属锂电池热失控的影响展开研究。根据金属锂电池热效应模型,构建实验电池组。选取合适的实验环境与设备,设计实验方案,根据热能平衡理论,分析实验结果数据。实验结果表明:汽车用金属锂电池组之间安装隔热层具有延长热失控抑制时间、降低电池组内部热失控最高温、降低电池组着火风险的作用。隔热层组成材料不同,热失控时间也存在明显差异,预氧化气凝胶应用效果最佳。

The metal lithium batteries used in electric vehicles generate significant heat during the charging and discharging process.If they cannot effectively dissipate heat,it is highly likely to cause thermal runaway,leading to serious accidents such as fires or explosions.In order to improve the safety of electric vehicles,research is conducted on the impact of insulation layers on the thermal runaway of metal lithium batteries used in electric vehicles.Construct an experimental battery pack based on the thermal effect model of lithium metal batteries.Select a suitable experimental environment and equipment,design an experimental plan,and analyze the experimental results data based on the theory of thermal energy balance.The experimental results show that installing insulation layers between metal lithium battery packs for automobiles has the effect of prolonging the suppression time of thermal runaway,reducing the maximum temperature of thermal runaway inside the battery pack,and reducing the risk of battery pack ignition.The thermal runaway time varies significantly with the composition of the insulation layer,and the pre oxidized aerogel has the best application effect.