面向碳中和的农村能源变革:零碳微单元视角

Rural Energy Revolution towards Carbon Neutrality:From the Perspective of Zero-Carbon Microunits

发展可再生能源是实现碳中和的关键路径,农村分布式可再生能源利用对于推进农村能源变革、助力农村绿色低碳转型具有重要作用。文章基于国内外农村分布式可再生能源利用的典型案例,分析其发展的积极意义与面临的问题,提出可将零碳微单元作为推进农村能源变革的系统性方案。研究认为,零碳微单元有助于自下而上推进碳中和进程,在保障能源安全的同时释放乡村经济发展新动能。目前,零碳微单元建设存在体制机制不完善、缺乏统一规范和标准、零碳技术综合集成难度大成本高等一系列问题。对此,提出应健全分布式可再生能源发展体制机制,建设零碳微单元示范工程,加强零碳技术综合集成,引导扩大居民零碳能源消费,从而推动面向碳中和的农村能源变革。

Developing renewable energy is a key path to achieve carbon neutrality,and the utilization of dis-tributed renewable energy in rural areas is of great significance for promoting energy revolution and green and low-carbon transition in these areas.This article analyzes the positive significance and challenges in the de-velopment of distributed renewable energy in rural areas based on typical cases in both China and overseas countries,and proposes zero-carbon microunits as a systematic solution to promote rural energy revolution.Zero-carbon microunits facilitate the achieving of carbon neutrality in a bottom-up manner,since they can en-sure energy security while unleashing new momentum for rural economic development.However,challenges exist in the building of zero carbon microunits,including unsound systems,lack of unified standards,and high difficulty and costs of comprehensive integration of zero-carbon technologies.In this regard,the following sug-gestions are put forward to promote the rural energy revolution towards carbon neutrality,including improving the system for the development of distributed renewable energy,building zero-carbon microunit demonstration projects,boosting the comprehensive integration of zero-carbon technologies,and guiding the popularization of zero-carbon energy consumption among residents.