水凝胶负载细胞外囊泡在组织工程应用中的研究进展

Research progress of hydrogel loaded with extracellular vesicles in tissue engineering

细胞外囊泡可以促进各种组织的修复和再生,因此在再生医学中具有巨大的应用潜力。然而,由于循环系统的快速清除能力,细胞外囊泡几乎无法在特定部位持续发挥修复目标组织的作用。当需要细胞外囊泡在特定部位发挥作用时,负载细胞外囊泡的水凝胶可以作为一种很好的方法。水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性和多孔结构特性,能够用作细胞外囊泡的载体,从而延长某些特定区域的保留时间并减缓细胞外囊泡的释放。目前可生物降解的水凝胶已被用于负载细胞外囊泡以提供持续的治疗效果,它们的联合应用在组织工程领域中展现出广阔的研究前景。本文综述了现阶段细胞外囊泡与水凝胶的复合材料促进组织修复、再生的研究进展,并对未来研究方向提出展望。

Extracellular vesicles can promote the repair and regeneration of various tissues,thus having great potential in regenerative medicine.However,due to the rapid clearance ability of the circulatory system,extracellular vesicles are almost unable to continue to function in specific areas to repair target tissues.The hydrogel loaded with extracellular vesicles can be used as a good method when extracellular vesicles are required to play a role in a target site.Hydrogels have good biocompatibility and porous structure characteristics,which enable them to be used as carriers of extracellular vesicles,t hus prolonging the retention time of certain areas and slowing down the release of extracellular vesicles.At present,biodegradable hydrogels have been used to load extracellular vesicles to provide sustained therapeutic effects.This combined application shows a broad research prospect in the field of tissue engineering.This paper reviews the research progress of hydrogels loaded with extracellular vesicles as composite materials to promote tis sue repair and regeneration at pres ent and puts forward prospects for future research directions.