造影剂肾病研究进展

Research progress in contrast-induced nephropathy

随着介入及影像诊断技术的快速发展,造影剂应用越来越广泛。需要防范的风险是与造影剂药物相关的严重肾功能损伤,即造影剂肾病(CIN)。CIN为导致医源性急性肾损伤的第三大病因,仅次于由于大量肾脏血灌注供应不足和药物所致的严重急性肾损伤。如发生CIN会增加老年患者介入术后的再住院率,影响患者的生存质量。CIN的发生机制仍不完全清楚,目前主要以早期预防为主,治疗为辅。临床上造影剂引起的并发症较多,如果盲目取消造影会导致缺乏诊断资料,因此权衡获得最佳的影像资料和降低CIN风险之间的关系至关重要。

With the rapid development of interventional and imaging diagnostic technologies,the application of contrast agents is becoming increasingly widespread.The risk that needs to be prevented is severe renal dysfunction associated with contrast agent drugs,namely contrast-induced nephropathy(CIN).CIN is the third leading cause of iatrogenic acute kidney injury,second only to severe acute kidney injury caused by insufficient renal blood perfusion and medication.If CIN occurs,it will increase the readmission rate of elderly patients after intervention surgery and affect their quality of life.The mechanism of CIN is still not fully understood,and currently,early prevention is the main approach with treatment as a supplement.There are many complications caused by contrast agents in clinical practice.Blindly canceling the contrast agent can lead to a lack of diagnostic data.Therefore,it is crucial to balance the relationship between obtaining the best imaging data and reducing the risk of CIN.