2018—2022年上海市某社区中小学生近视情况分析

Analysis of Myopia Among Primary and Middle School Students in a Community of Shanghai During 2018-2022

目的:分析2018—2022年上海市某社区中小学生近视情况。方法:选取2018—2022年上海市居民眼健康信息服务系统收录的黄渡社区辖区中小学生15 734人次作为研究对象,分析其总体近视情况、不同性别近视情况及不同年级的近视情况。结果:15 734人次中小学生中共检出近视7 994人次,总体近视率为50.81%。2018—2022年近视率出现先降低后升高的趋势,且2022年近视率最高,为55.49%。男生、女生近视率均整体呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)_(男生趋势)=35.248,P<0.001;χ^(2)_(女生趋势)=31.588,P<0.001)。女生总体近视率高于男生,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.996,P=0.025)。高年级近视率普遍高于低年级,且不同年级近视率整体呈现上升趋势。结论:2018—2022年上海市某社区中小学生近视率较高,相关部门需结合中小学生近视特征,采取针对性措施,加强宣传和健康干预,预防近视的发生发展。

Objective:To analyze the myopia status of primary and middle school students in a community of Shanghai.Methods:A total of 15734 primary and middle school students within the Huangdu community area who were included in Shanghai Residents'Eye Health Information Service System from 2018 to 2022 were selected as the study subjects.The overall myopia status and the myopia of different genders and different grades were analyzed.Results:Among 15734 primary and middle school students,a total of 7994 cases had myopia,and the overall myopia rate was 50.81%.From 2018 to 2022,the myopia rate initially decreased and then increased,and the myopia rate was the highest in 2022,accounting for 55.49%.The myopia rate among boys and girls increased year by year,and the difference was statistically significant(for boy trend:χ^(2)=35.248,P<0.001;for girl trend,χ^(2)=31.588,P<0.001).The overall myopia rate among girls was higher than that among boys,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.996,P=0.025).The myopia rate in high grades was generally higher than that in low grades,and the myopia rates in different grades showed an overall upward trend.Conclusion:From 2018 to 2022,the myopia rate among primary and middle school students in a community of Shanghai is relatively high.The relevant departments should take targeted measures to strengthen the publicity and health intervention,and prevent the occurrence and development of myopia based on the myopia characteristics of primary and middle school students.