添加硫磺对蓝莓根区细菌多样性及植株生长发育的影响

Effects of Sulfur Addition on Bacterial Community Diversity in Root Zone and Plant Growth and Development of Blueberry

蓝莓生长对土壤pH要求较高,适宜在酸性土壤中生长,生产中采用施用硫磺的方式调整土壤pH。以土壤细菌群落多样性差异为切入点,探讨土壤pH对蓝莓植株生长发育的影响,为蓝莓土壤pH的科学管理提供理论依据。以盆栽“蓝丰”为试验材料,研究添加硫磺调控土壤pH对蓝莓根际及非根际细菌群落多样性、根系和叶片生理功能及植株生长发育情况的影响。结果表明:硫磺处理后,蓝莓根际与非根际土壤门水平上丰度最高的3个为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、未分类(unidentified Bacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria),其中放线菌门的相对丰度在添加硫磺处理后显著增加,而蓝莓根际与非根际土壤细菌多样性及群落丰富度均显著下降。对照土壤的OTU数较多,硫磺处理土壤的OTU数较少,分别为1556个和160个。硫磺处理显著降低蓝莓叶片脯氨酸含量和丙二醛含量,与对照相比,分别降低25.91%和14.58%,叶绿素含量、根系活力和总呼吸速率显著增加,根系呼吸基础生化途径中三羧酸循环途径贡献率显著升高。短期内,硫磺处理还显著降低了蓝莓植株的株高和叶面积等生长指标,但对地上部干质量、地上部鲜质量、地下部干质量、地下部鲜质量、茎粗和叶片数等生长指标无显著影响。添加硫磺处理通过降低土壤pH,改变土壤微生物群落结构,影响植株生理功能,从而影响了蓝莓植株的生长发育状况。

Blueberry has a high requirement for soil pH and is suitable for growing in acid soil,and sulfur is used to adjust soil pH in production.Starting from the diversity differences of soil bacterial communities,the effects of soil pH on the growth and development of blueberry plants were explored,which provides a theoretical basis for the scientific management of blueberry soil pH.“Bluecrop”cultivated in pot was used as test material,the effects of adding sulfur to regulate soil pH on the di⁃versity of rhizosphere and non rhizosphere bacterial communities,physiological functions of roots and leaves,and plant growth and development of blueberry were investigated.The results showed that after sulfur treatment,the three most abundat bacteria of blueberry rhizosphere and non rhizo⁃sphere soil at phylum level were Proteobacteria,unidentified Bacteria and Actinobacteria.The rela⁃tive abundance of Actinobacteria increased significantly after sulfur treatment,while the bacterial di⁃versity and community richness of rhizosphere and non rhizosphere soil of blueberry decreased sig⁃nificantly.The number of OTUs in control is more and in sulfur treatment is less,which is 1556 and 160,respectively.Sulfur treatment significantly reduced the proline content and malondialdehyde content of blueberry leaves,which decreased by 25.91%and 14.58%compared with control,respec⁃tively.The chlorophyll content,root activity and total respiration rate increased significantly after sul⁃fur addition and the contribution rate of triglyceride cycle pathway in the basic respiratory biochemi⁃cal pathway was increased significantly.In the short term,sulfur treatment significantly reduced growth indicators such as plant height and leaf area of blueberry plants,but had no significant effect on growth indicators such as shoot dry weight,shoot fresh weight,root dry weight,root fresh weight,stem diameter and leaf number.The treatment of sulfur addition affected the growth and development of blueberry plants by reducing soil pH,changing soil microbial community structure,and affecting plant physiological functions.