卫星遥感智能监测技术在沪昆高铁外部环境管理中的应用

Application of Satellite Remote Sensing Intelligent Monitoring Technology in External Environmental Management of Shanghai-Kunming High-speed Railway

为解决既有铁路外部环境隐患监管技术效率低、实时性差、难以实现全覆盖动态巡检等问题,研究一种适用于铁路外部环境监测的卫星遥感智能监测技术体系,并在沪昆高铁K563—K641段落外部环境管理中进行了测试应用。首先获取首期试验段落线路左右各500 m宽度的高分辨率卫星影像,通过遥感解译系统提取硬飘浮物、轻飘浮物等铁路外部环境隐患,建立涵盖108处隐患的精准外部环境隐患库;然后建设以GIS技术为核心的高度自动化管理系统及移动智能巡检APP,对铁路外部环境档案库进行日常管理和动态巡检;依托该系统,采用三期高分辨率卫星影像对试验段落进行变化监测,共发现隐患变化63处,经现场核实入库50处,入库率约为80%。研究结果表明,提出的卫星遥感智能监测技术能够综合降低人力成本,缓解人力资源紧张问题,提升铁路运营安全管理效能,降低安全风险,保障铁路安全运输。

To address the inefficiencies,poor real-time capabilities,and challenges in achieving comprehensive dynamic inspections of existing railway external environmental hazard monitoring technologies,this paper investigated a satellite remote sensing intelligent monitoring technology system suitable for railway external environmental monitoring.The system was tested and applied in the management of external environments along the Shanghai-Kunming High-speed Railway segment from K563 to K641.Initially,highresolution satellite images with approximately 500m width on either side of the initial trial segment were obtained.Using remote sensing interpretation systems,hazards such as hard and light floating objects in the railway external environment were extracted,establishing a precise hazard database covering 108 locations.Subsequently,a highly automated management system centered on GIS technology and a mobile intelligent inspection application(APP)were developed for daily management and dynamic inspections of the railway external environment archive.Leveraging this system,three phases of high-resolution satellite imagery were used to monitor changes in the trial segment,identifying a total of 63 hazard changes,with 50 confirmed through field verification,achieving an inclusion rate of approximately 80%.The study results demonstrate that the proposed satellite remote sensing intelligent monitoring technology comprehensively reduces labor costs,alleviates manpower shortages,enhances railway operational safety management efficiency,reduces safety risks,and ensures the safe transportation of railways.