城市轨道交通列车虚拟联挂技术研究

Research on the Virtual Coupling Technology for Urban Rail Transit Trains

列车虚拟联挂技术是借助先进的无线通信、传感定位和协同控制等技术,通过控制相邻列车间的运行速度和间隔距离,形成一个协调逻辑整体,完成列车编队的共同控制与调度组织,该技术已经逐渐成为轨道交通列车运行控制系统的发展方向。文章综述了国内外的城轨列车虚拟联挂技术的发展概况及技术现状,分析了实现城市轨道交通列车虚拟联挂的关键技术,包括高性能的车车通信技术、基于相对制动的安全防护技术、基于自主感知的防撞技术、多传感融合列车定位技术以及协同控制技术等;并指出其工程应用中所面临的技术挑战,如更好的协同控制算法、更优的车车通信机制,以及更完善的安全制动模型等。

The virtual coupling of trains,based on multiple technologies,such as advanced wireless communication,sensor localization,and cooperative control,has been developed to control running speeds and headways between adjacent trains within a coordinated logical integrity,for the purpose of the control and dispatching organization of train fleets.This technology has gradually evolved into one of developmental trends for the operational control systems of urban rail transit trains.This paper presents an overview of virtual coupling technology in urban rail transit trains,focusing on both domestic and international development and current status.It also analyzes key technologies for implementing virtual coupling in urban rail transit trains,including high-performance vehicle-to-vehicle communication,safety protection based on relative braking,collision avoidance based on autonomous perception,train localization based on multi-sensor fusion,and collaborative control.The paper additionally highlights the technical challenges faced in engineering applications,including the need for improved cooperative control algorithms,enhanced vehicle-to-vehicle communication mechanisms,and optimized safety braking models.