基因编辑技术在牛羊育种中的应用

Application of Gene Editing Technology in Cattle and Sheep Genetic Breeding

基因编辑技术是一种通过修改生物体基因组来改变其遗传性状的技术手段。基因编辑育种一般通过ZFN技术、TALEN技术、CRISPR/Cas系统等基因编辑技术,精确改变动物的DNA序列,继而产生带有目的性状的动物,从而实现对生物体的遗传特性的改良和优化。利用基因编辑技术,可以对具有与生产力相关的基因的牛羊进行编辑与修饰,提高牛羊生产力以应对气候变化或特定疾病。该文主要综述基因编辑技术简介以及该技术在牛羊育种上的应用研究进展,以期基因编辑技术推动牛羊遗传育种在畜牧业上的可持续发展提供参考。

Gene editing technology is a technical means to change the genetic traits of organisms by modifying their genomes.Gene editing breeding generally uses ZFN technology,TALEN technology,CRISPR/Cas system and other gene editing technologies to accurately change the DNA sequence of animals,and then produce animals with target traits,so as to improve and optimize the genetic characteristics of organisms.Using gene editing technology,cattle and sheep with genes related to productivity can be edited and modified to improve the productivity of cattle and sheep to cope with climate change or specific diseases.Therefore,this paper mainly reviews the introduction of gene editing technology and the research progress of its application in cattle and sheep breeding,in order to provide reference for gene editing technology to promote the sustainable development of cattle and sheep genetic breeding in animal husbandry.